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. 2022 Oct 4;2022:2353115. doi: 10.1155/2022/2353115

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Energy stress promotes ferroptotic cell death through AMPK activation. (a and b) Western blotting assay verifies the activation of AMPK after 0-Glu treatment and the knockdown efficacy of two siAMPK. (c) Cell death measurement shows the alleviation of cell death by Com C, siAMPK, and Fer-1 after 0-Glu and erastin treatment. (d) TEM images shows that Com C, siAMPK, and Fer-1 treatments recover mitochondrial morphology. Black arrows indicate mitochondria. Scale bars: 1 μm. Independent experiments were repeated three times, and representative data were shown. (e–g) Com C, siAMPK, and Fer-1 treatments reverse the changes of GSH, MDA, and cellular iron level caused by 0-Glu and erastin treatment. Data shown represent mean ± SD from at least three independent experiments. Comparisons were performed using Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA. NC: negative control; Com C: Compound C; Fer-1: ferrostatin-1. ∗∗p < 0.01 and ∗∗∗p < 0.001.