Table 1. Characteristics of cohort studies.
| Author, year | Type of study | Pre-existing ILD group | Non-ILD group | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Age, years | Treatment line | Regimen | ORR (%) | DCR (%) | mPFS (months) | Any grade ICIP rate (%) | Grade≥3 ICIP rate (%) | UIP pattern, n | ICIP rate (%) (UIP pattern) | Non-UIP pattern, n | ICIP rate (%) (non-UIP pattern) | n | Age, years | Treatment line | Regimen | Any grade ICIP rate (%) | Grade ≥3 ICIP rate (%) | |||
| Fujimoto, 2017 (12) | Prospective | 6 | 72 [64–81] | ≥2nd line: 6 | Nivolumab: 6 | 50.0 (3/6) | 100 (6/6) | 5.2 (NA) | 0 (0/6) | 0 (0/6) | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 (0/6) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Kanai, 2018 (13) | Retrospective | 26 | 71 [55–85] | ≥2nd line: 26 | Nivolumab: 26 | 26.9 (7/26) | 57.7 (15/26) | 2.7 [1.7–5.3] | 30.8 (8/26) | 19.2 (5/26) | 12 | 25.0 (3/12) | 14 | 35.7 (5/14) | 190 | 69 [30–89] | ≥2nd line: 190 | Nivolumab: 190 | 11.6 (22/190) | 5.3 (10/190) | |
| Fujimoto, 2019 (14) | Prospective | 18 | 71.5 [68.5–76.3] | ≥2nd line: 18 | Nivolumab: 18 | 38.9 (7/18) | 72.2 (13/18) | 7.4 [1.8–16.8] | 11.1 (2/18) | 0 (0/18) | 0 | 0 | 18 | 11.1 (2/18) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Shibaki, 2019 (15) | Retrospective | 14 | 63 [33–83] | 1st line: 4; ≥2nd line: 10 | Nivolumab: 9; Pembrolizumab: 5 | 21.4 (3/14) | 57.1 (8/14) | 4.3 [1.1–19] | 28.6 (4/14) | 7.1 (1/14) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 196 | 61 [30–83] | 1st line: 35; ≥2nd line: 161 | Nivolumab: 118; Pembrolizumab: 78 | 11.2 (22/196) | 4.1 (8/196) | |
| Byeon, 2020 (17) | Retrospective | 6 | 63 [59–72] | 1st line: NA; ≥2nd line: NA | Nivolumab: NA; Pembrolizumab: NA | 16.7 (1/6) | 50.0 (3/6) | 1.4 (NA) | 0 (0/6) | 0 (0/6) | 5 | 0 (0/5) | 1 | 0 (0/1) | 231 | NA | 1st line: NA; ≥2nd line: NA | Nivolumab: NA; Pembrolizumab: NA | 3.9 (9/231) | 1.7 (4/231) | |
| Nakanishi, 2019 (16) | Retrospective | 13 | NA | 1st line: NA; ≥2nd line: NA | Nivolumab: NA; Pembrolizumab: NA | NA | NA | NA | 46.2 (6/13) | 15.4 (2/13) | 3 | 66.7 (2/3) | 10 | 40.0 (4/10) | 70 | NA | 1st line: NA; ≥2nd line: NA | Nivolumab: NA; Pembrolizumab: NA | 11.4 (8/70) | 8.6 (6/70) | |
| Fujita, 2020 (18) | Retrospective | 5 | 78 [75–81] | 1st line: 5 | Pembrolizumab: 5 | 60.0 (3/5) | 80 (4/5) | NA | 80.0 (4/5) | 40.0 (2/5) | 1 | 100 (1/1) | 4 | 75.0 (3/4) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Ikeda, 2020 (19) | Prospective | 17 | 70 [66–73] | ≥2nd line: 17 | Atezolizumab: 17 | 6.3 (1/16) | 62.5 (10/16) | 3.4 [0.8–5.9] | 29.4 (5/17) | 23.5 (4/17) | 7 | 57.1 (4/7) | 11 | 9.1 (1/11) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Nishiyama, 2020 (20) | Retrospective | 48 | 70 [52–83] | 1st line: 13; ≥2nd line: 35 | Nivolumab: 21; Pembrolizumab: 25; Atezolizumab: 2 | 45.8 (22/48) | 68.8 (33/48) | 4.7 (NA) | 14.6 (7/48) | 10.4 (5/48) | 9 | 11.1 (1/9) | 39 | 15.4 (6/39) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Shibaki, 2020 (21) | Retrospective | 17 | 66 [33–83] | 1st line: 5; ≥2nd line: 12 | Nivolumab: 12; Pembrolizumab: 5 | NA | NA | NA | 29.4 (5/17) | 11.8 (2/17) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 314 | 62 [30–84] | 1st line: 36; ≥2nd line: 278 | Nivolumab: 236; Pembrolizumab: 78 | 9.9 (31/314) | 3.8 (12/314) | |
| Ichimura, 2022 (28) | Retrospective | 33 | NA | 1st line: 8; ≥2nd line: 25 | Nivolumab: 18; Pembrolizumab: 12; Atezolizumab: 3 | NA | NA | NA | 33.3 (11/33) | 21.2 (7/33) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Takahara, 2021 (22) | Retrospective | 14 | NA | 1st line: NA; ≥2nd line: NA | Nivolumab: NA; Pembrolizumab: NA; Durvalumab: NA | NA | NA | NA | 57.1 (8/14) | 28.6 (4/14) | 3 | 66.7 (2/3) | 11 | 54.5 (6/11) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Yamamoto, 2021 (23) | Retrospective | 221 | NA | ≥2nd line: 221 | Nivolumab: 221 | NA | NA | NA | 25.3 (56/221) | 10.9 (24/221) | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3380 | NA | ≥2nd line: 3,380 | Nivolumab: 3,380 | 8.5 (288/3,380) | 3.5 (117/3,380) | |
| Tasaka, 2021 (24) | Retrospective | 49 | 71 [57–83] | 1st line: 14; ≥2nd line: 35 | Nivolumab: 22; Pembrolizumab: 27 | 49.0 (24/49) | 69.4 (34/49) | 5.9 (NA) | 30.6 (15/49) | 16.3 (8/49) | 8 | NA | 41 | NA | 412 | 69 [34–88] | 1st line: 97; ≥2nd line: 315 | Nivolumab: 247; Pembrolizumab: 165 | 9.5 (39/412) | 3.6 (15/412) | |
| Yamaguchi, 2021 (25) | Retrospective | 10 | NA | 1st line: 10 | Pembrolizumab: 10 | 70.0 (7/10) | 90.0 (9/10) | 8.6 (NA) | 20.0 (2/10) | 10.0 (1/10) | 1 | 0 (0/1) | 9 | 22.2 (2/9) | 62 | NA | 1st line: 62 | Pembrolizumab: 62 | 22.6 (14/62) | 11.3 (7/62) | |
| Yamaguchi, 2021 (26) | Retrospective | 26 | NA | ≥2nd line: 26 | Nivolumab: 26 | NA | NA | NA | 38.5 (10/26) | 7.7 (2/26) | 9 | 44.4 (4/9) | 17 | 35.3 (6/17) | 70 | NA | ≥2nd line: 70 | Nivolumab: 70 | 5.7 (4/70) | 0 (0/70) | |
| Isono, 2021 (27) | Retrospective | 20 | NA | 1st line: NA; ≥2nd line: NA | Nivolumab: 12; Pembrolizumab: 8 | 35.0 (7/20) | NA | NA | 35.0 (7/20) | NA | 3 | NA | 17 | NA | 61 | NA | NA | NA | 6.6 (4/61) | NA | |
ILD, interstitial lung disease; ORR, objective response rate; DCR, disease control rate; PFS, progression-free survival; ICIP, immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonitis; UIP, usual interstitial pneumonia; NA, not applicable.