Table 2. Associations Between Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Neurosensory Impairment at Corrected Age 2 Years^a.

Primary outcome	No./total No. (%)	RD/MD (95% CI)	RR (95% CI)	Adjusted RR/MD (95% CI)b	P value
Normoglycemia	125/704 (17.8)
Hypoglycemiac	111/487 (22.8)	5.04 (0.36 to 9.72)	1.28 (1.02 to 1.61)	1.28 (1.01 to 1.60)	.04
Severity of hypoglycemiad,e					.02
Mild	81/381 (21.3)	3.50 (−1.49 to 8.49)	1.20 (0.93 to 1.54)	1.18 (0.92 to 1.52)	.19
Severe	30/106 (28.3)	10.55 (1.51 to 19.59)	1.59 (1.13 to 2.25)	1.68 (1.20 to 2.36)	.003
Frequency of hypoglycemia f,g					.08
1-2 episodes	99/424 (23.4)	5.59 (0.67 to 10.52)	1.32 (1.04 to 1.66)	1.29 (1.02 to 1.64)	.03
Recurrent	12/63 (19.1)	1.29 (−8.82 to 11.41)	1.07 (0.63 to 1.83)	1.06 (0.63 to 1.80)	.83

Abbreviations: MD, mean difference; RD, risk difference; RR, risk ratio.

^a Defined as any of the following: blindness (visual acuity <3/60 or >1.3 logMAR), hearing impairment requiring aids, cerebral palsy, developmental delay (Bayley-III cognitive, language, or motor composite score <85), or performance-based executive function total score more than 1.5 SD below the cohort mean.

^b Adjusted for study site, primary reason for risk of hypoglycemia, socioeconomic decile at birth, and multiple births.

^c An episode of hypoglycemia was defined as 1 or more episode of consecutive blood glucose concentrations less than 47 mg/dL (to convert glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0555).

^d The severity of hypoglycemia was defined as none (all blood glucose concentrations ≥47 mg/dL), mild (≥1 episode of ≥36 and <47 mg/dL), and severe (≥1 episode of <36 mg/dL).

^e P values reported for the overall association between severity of hypoglycemia and outcome, none vs mild, and none vs severe.

^f The frequency of hypoglycemia was defined as none (all blood glucose concentrations ≥47 mg/dL), 1 to 2 episodes of consecutive blood glucose concentrations less than 47 mg/dL, and recurrent (≥3 episodes of consecutive blood glucose concentrations <47 mg/dL).

^g P values reported for the overall association between frequency of hypoglycemia and outcome, none vs 1 to 2 episodes, and none vs recurrent (ie, ≥3 episodes of consecutive blood glucose concentrations <47 mg/dL).