Table 2. Primary and Secondary Outcome Findings in 1:1 Propensity Score–Matched Initiators of SGLT-2i vs DPP-4i or GLP-1RA.
| Outcome | No. of events (IR) | SGLT-2i vs DPP-4i (n = 74 868 pairs) | No. of events (IR) | SGLT-2i vs GLP-1RA (n = 80 475 pairs) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SGLT-2i | DPP-4i | HR (95% CI) | RD (95% CI) | SGLT-2i | GLP-1RA | HR (95% CI) | RD (95% CI) | |
| Primary outcome | ||||||||
| AF hospitalization | 1082 (16.8) | 1410 (20.5) | 0.82 (0.76 to 0.89) | – 3.7 (– 5.2 to – 2.2) | 1175 (17.0) | 1235 (18.7) | 0.90 (0.83 to 0.98) | – 1.8 (– 3.2 to – 0.3) |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||||||
| AF diagnosis | 1354 (21.1) | 1707 (24.9) | 0.85 (0.79 to 0.91) | – 3.8 (– 5.5 to – 2.2) | 1438 (20.8) | 1562 (23.8) | 0.87 (0.81 to 0.94) | – 3.0 (– 4.6 to – 1.4) |
| AF treated with medication | 1098 (17.1) | 1339 (19.5) | 0.88 (0.81 to 0.95) | – 2.4 (– 3.9 to – 1.0) | 1143 (16.5) | 1281 (19.5) | 0.85 (0.78 to 0.92) | – 3.0 (– 4.4 to – 1.5) |
| Hospitalization for AF | 212 (3.3) | 251 (3.6) | 0.91 (0.75 to 1.09) | – 0.4 (– 1.0 to 0.3) | 211 (3.0) | 275 (4.1) | 0.73 (0.61 to 0.87) | – 1.3 (– 1.9 to – 0.8) |
| Stroke or TIA | 536 (8.3) | 662 (9.5) | 0.86 (0.77 to 0.96) | – 1.3 (– 2.3 to – 0.3) | 587 (8.4) | 552 (8.3) | 1.01 (0.90 to 1.14) | 0.1 (0.9 to 1.1) |
| Hospitalization for HF | 312 (4.8) | 684 (9.9) | 0.49 (0.43 to 0.56) | – 5.1 (– 6.0 to – 4.1) | 388 (5.6) | 519 (7.8) | 0.71 (0.62 to 0.81) | – 2.3 (– 3.1 to – 1.4) |
| AF hospitalization censored for HF hospitalization | 988 (13.2) | 1215 (16.2) | 0.86 (0.79 to 0.93) | – 2.6 (– 4.0 to – 1.2) | 1089 (13.5) | 1122 (13.9) | 0.92 (0.84 to 1.00) | – 3.1 (– 4.2 to – 2.0) |
| Hospitalization for AF and HF | 376 (5.8) | 574 (8.3) | 0.70 (0.62 to 0.80) | – 2.5 (– 3.4 to – 1.6) | 464 (6.7) | 525 (7.9) | 0.92 (0.83 to 1.01) | – 1.3 (– 2.2 to – 0.4) |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; DPP-4i, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor; GLP-1RA, glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor agonist; HF, heart failure; HR, hazard ratio; IR, incidence rate in 1000 patient-years; RD, rate difference in 1000 patient-years; SGLT-2i, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor; TIA, transient ischemic attack.