F IGU R E 1.

Summary of descriptive findings for mental health outcomes at ages 8, 12, and 16 years. Findings for outcomes in the three study groups: care-as-usual (blue), foster care (red), and never-institutionalized (green). Bars represent rates of any psychiatric disorder as a percentage of that group based on categorical assessment using psychiatric interviews (right axis), while lines represent model-estimated trajectories of general psychopathology based on dimensional assessment using teacher/caregiver ratings of behavior (left axis). There are no published data in the BEIP using psychiatric interviews at age 8. Details on the pattern of these findings are presented in the main text. Adapted with permission from Wade et al., 2018, and Humphreys et al., 2015, 2020.