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. 2022 Oct 12;17(10):e0274872. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274872

Table 2. Associations between seropositivity for 16 IgG antibody measures and dementia risk.

Virus type Seropositivity Dementia Dementia   OR* 95% C.I. P-value#
Controls Cases Total
n % n % n %
Herpes Simplex virus-1 Negative 2,824 30.22 14 16.47 2,838 30.09 Ref      
Positive 6,522 69.78 71 83.53 6,593 69.91 2.14 1.21 3.81 0.010
Herpes Simplex virus-2 Negative 7,832 83.8 74 87.06 7,906 83.83        
Positive 1,514 16.2 11 12.94 1,525 16.17 0.78 0.41 1.47 0.440
Varicella Zoster virus Negative 713 7.63 2 2.35 715 7.58        
Positive 8,633 92.37 83 97.65 8,716 92.42 3.38 0.83 13.78 0.089
Epstein-Barr virus Negative 493 5.27 5 5.88 498 5.28        
Positive 8,853 94.73 80 94.12 8,933 94.72 0.9 0.36 2.24 0.823
Human Cytomegalovirus Negative 3,901 41.74 37 43.53 3,938 41.76        
Positive 5,445 58.26 48 56.47 5,493 58.24 0.89 0.57 1.37 0.587
Human Herpesvirus-6 Negative 866 9.27 3 3.53 869 9.21        
Positive 8,480 90.73 82 96.47 8,562 90.79 2.79 0.88 8.85 0.082
Human Herpesvirus-7 Negative 501 5.36 2 2.35 503 5.33        
Positive 8,845 94.64 83 97.65 8,928 94.67 2.4 0.59 9.8 0.222
Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Negative 8,594 91.95 77 90.59 8,671 91.94        
Positive 752 8.05 8 9.41 760 8.06 1.19 0.57 2.48 0.634
Hepatitis B virus Negative 9,114 97.52 84 98.82 9,198 97.53        
Positive 232 2.48 1 1.18 233 2.47 0.48 0.07 3.48 0.470
Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1 Negative 9,200 98.44 84 98.82 9,284 98.44        
Positive 146 1.56 1 1.18 147 1.56 0.72 0.1 5.21 0.745
Human Polyomavirus BKV Negative 438 4.69 4 4.71 442 4.69        
Positive 8,908 95.31 81 95.29 8,989 95.31 1.04 0.38 2.87 0.933
Human Polyomavirus JCV Negative 3,976 42.54 34 40 4,010 42.52        
Positive 5,370 57.46 51 60 5,421 57.48 1.12 0.73 1.74 0.599
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Negative 3,131 33.5 28 32.94 3,159 33.5        
Positive 6,215 66.5 57 67.06 6,272 66.5 1.04 0.66 1.64 0.870
Human Papillomavirus type-16 (Definition I) Negative 8,934 95.59 79 92.94 9,013 95.57        
Positive 412 4.41 6 7.06 418 4.43 1.8 0.78 4.19 0.169
Human Papillomavirus type-16 (Definition II) Negative 8,917 95.41 81 95.29 8,998 95.41        
Positive 429 4.59 4 4.71 433 4.59 1.03 0.37 2.82 0.958
Human Papillomavirus type-18 Negative 9,097 97.34 83 97.65 9,180 97.34        
Positive 249 2.66 2 2.35 251 2.66 0.93 0.23 3.79 0.914

*Adjusted for age as categorical variable (≤65 VS >65).

N.B.: (Age was also fitted as a continuous variable but this did not affect the results).

#P-value adjusted for multiple testing.