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. 2022 Oct 12;12:17126. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-21587-5

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Sex-based analysis of M1 and M2 polarization markers on macrophages at 24 h post GBS lung infection. Male (black) and female (white) C57BL/6 mice were infected intranasally with ± 10⁸ CFU of GBS (n = 15/group). Naive mice were used as controls (n = 5/group). (A) Expression levels of CD80 (M1) and CD206 (M2) were compared by flow cytometry on macrophages (CD45+, CD64+, MHCII+) shown in histograms: blue line represent the fluorescent profile of males; red lines represent the fluorescent profile of females and grey lines represent the fluorescent profile for Fluorescence Minus One (FMO) control. (B) The % of macrophages positive for surface marker CD80 and negative for CD206 (M1) as well as the % of macrophages positive for surface marker CD206 and negative for CD80 (M2) were determined. Evaluation of the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) for CD80 and CD206 surface marker expression was also analyzed at the macrophage level. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (Mann–Whitney U test). Data are representative of three independent experiments.