Fig. 1. Illustration of the VO2-based THz SAM for self-adaptive beam steering.
The metasurface comprises 1 × 48 subarrays, and each subarray functioned as both a THz reflective modulator and microbolometer under the appropriate bias. The sensing reaction system includes the SAM, a programmable switch matrix, a multichannel power amplifier, and a computer loaded with predefined algorithms. Initially, the SAM detects the power reaching the metasurface (Pi). When the received power is higher than Pth, the SAM starts deflecting the THz beam to the predefined direction.