Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and symptoms of patients by provider-reported recovery status from myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination
| Patients fully or probably fully recovered (n=320) | Patients not recovered (n=65) | All patients (n=519) | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median age, years (IQR) | 17 (15–21) | 17 (15–21) | 17 (15–22) | .. | |
| Age group, years | |||||
| 12–14 | 58 (18%) | 9 (14%) | 92 (18%) | 0·84 | |
| 15–19 | 160 (50%) | 35 (54%) | 245 (47%) | .. | |
| 20–24 | 69 (22%) | 15 (23%) | 120 (23%) | .. | |
| 25–29 | 33 (10%) | 6 (%9) | 62 (12%) | .. | |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 290 (91%) | 56 (86%) | 457 (88%) | 0·39 | |
| Female | 30 (9%) | 9 (14%) | 61 (12) | .. | |
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | 1 (<1%) | .. | |
| Race, ethnicity | |||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 182 (57%) | 32 (49%) | 274 (53%) | 0·32 | |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 16 (5%) | 1 (2%) | 25 (5%) | 0·33 | |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 10 (3%) | 2 (3%) | 16 (3%) | 0·71 | |
| Other race, non-Hispanic | 11 (3%) | 0 | 12 (2%) | 0·22 | |
| Multiple races, non-Hispanic | 10 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 12 (2%) | 0·69 | |
| American Indian or Alaskan native, non-Hispanic | 1 (<1%) | 0 | 1 (<1%) | .. | |
| Hispanic | 53 (17%) | 14 (22%) | 98 (19%) | 0·33 | |
| Unknown | 37 (12%) | 13 (20%) | 81 (16%) | .. | |
| Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection* | 28 (9%) | 4 (6%) | 48 (9%) | 0·61 | |
| Received two COVID-19 vaccine doses | 278 (87%) | 58 (89%) | 448 (86%) | 0·75 | |
| Underlying medical condition | |||||
| At least one condition, excluding obesity | 63 (20%) | 16 (25%) | 99 (19%) | 0·46 | |
| Asthma† | 29 (9%) | 4 (6%) | 41 (8%) | 0·60 | |
| Autoimmune disease | 10 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 13 (3%) | 0·69 | |
| Arrhythmia | 9 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 16 (3%) | 0·86 | |
| Congenital heart disease | 8 (2%) | 2 (3%) | 10 (2%) | 0·68 | |
| Genetic or chromosomal | 7 (2%) | 8 (12%) | 15 (3%) | 0·0005 | |
| Previous heart failure | 1 (<1%) | 1 (2%) | 2 (<1%) | 0·31 | |
| Kawasaki disease | 1 (<1%) | 0 | 2 (<1%) | .. | |
| Myocarditis | 4 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 7 (1%) | .. | |
| Type 1 diabetes | 1 (<1%) | 1 (2%) | 3 (1%) | 0·31 | |
| BMI-based obesity‡ | 80/291 (27%) | 16/63 (25%) | 99/359 (28%) | 0·86 | |
| Patient-reported symptoms in the patient survey | n=195§ | n=28§ | n=357 | .. | |
| At least one symptom | 94 (48%) | 18 (64%) | 178 (50%) | 0·16 | |
| Chest pain or discomfort | 55 (28%) | 13 (46%) | 113 (32%) | 0·082 | |
| Chest pain or discomfort while resting | 45 (23%) | 11 (39%) | 92 (26%) | 0·011 | |
| Fatigue | 40 (21%) | 12 (43%) | 89 (25%) | 0·018 | |
| Fatigue while resting | 28 (14%) | 10 (36%) | 63 (18%) | 0·012 | |
| Shortness of breath | 38 (19%) | 9 (32%) | 80 (22%) | 0·28 | |
| Shortness of breath while resting | 15 (8%) | 4 (14%) | 38 (11%) | 0·42 | |
| Heart palpitations | 36 (18%) | 6 (21%) | 77 (22%) | 0·71 | |
| Heart palpitations while resting | 28 (14%) | 5 (18%) | 59 (17%) | 0·84 | |
Data are n (%) unless specified otherwise. Data are based on the completion of 357 patient surveys, 393 provider surveys, and 231 linked surveys, resulting in 519 patients for which data were collected. Health-care provider determination of patient myocarditis recovery was provided for 393 patients, of whom 320 were considered fully or probably fully recovered and 65 were not considered recovered (and eight patients had an undetermined recovery status; figure 1). Based on the last patient encounter, health-care providers reported that 62 (16%) of 393 patients had at least one symptom that might occur with myocarditis.
Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection before the diagnosis of myocarditis, as determined by a positive laboratory-confirmed test; the interval from a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result to mRNA COVID-19 vaccination was a median of 139 days (IQR 92–198; n=15 with a date provided).
Asthma, for which prescription medicine within the past 2 years was needed; if asthma was only with exercise, it was not recorded.
BMI was calculated using measurements obtained at the earliest follow-up visit: the formula weight (pounds) / [height (inches)]2 × 703. The denominators reflect the number of individuals with data available to calculate BMI.
All patients who self-reported symptoms in the patient survey and had a provider-reported recovery status.