Table 5.

Quality assessment of included studies

References	1. Question/objective sufficiently described	2. Appropriate study design	3. Appropriate method/source of selection	4. Characteristics sufficiently described	5. Random allocation described	6. Blinding of investigators	7. Blinding of subjects	8. Outcome/exposure measures defined and robust	9. Appropriate sample size	10. Appropriate analytical methods	11. Estimate of variance reported	12. Controlled for confounding	13. Results reported sufficiently	14. Conclusions supported by results	15. Quality score (%)
Amagasta et al. [77]	1	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	91
Bojsen-Moller et al. [50]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	95
Bollaert & Motl [68]	2	1	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	1	2	2	86
Burzynska et al. [69]	2	2	2	2	1	2	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	92
Cukic et al. [35]	1	2	2	1	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	91
Da Ronch et al. [46]	1	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	1	1	71
Duvivier et al. [58]	2	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	95
Edwardson et al. [59]	2	2	2	2	2	2	n/a	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	100
Ehlers et al. [41]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	2	2	2	2	2	91
Ekblom et al. [90]	1	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	1	1	2	1	1	64
English et al. [74]	2	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	1	1	2	0	1	2	73
Ezeugwu et al. [75]	2	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	0	2	1	0	2	1	68
Ezeugwu et al. [60]	1	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	1	2	2	1	2	1	82
Falck et al. [55]	2	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	91
Falck et al. [70]	1	2	2	1	2	0	n/a	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	62
Fanning et al. [42]	1	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	91
García-Hermoso et al. [48]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	95
Hartman et al. [83]	1	2	2	1	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	2	2	0	1	2	68
Hayes et al. [61]	2	1	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	0	2	2	2	1	2	73
Hubbard et al. [79]	2	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	1	0	0	2	1	64
Iso-Markku et al. [78]	1	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	1	2	1	2	82
Johnson et al. [65]	2	1	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	86
Kojima et al. [40]	1	1	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	1	2	1	1	2	68
Koolhaas et al. [37]	1	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	91
Ku et al. [36]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	95
Lee et al. [39]	1	2	1	1	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	1	2	2	1	1	68
Leung et al. [76]	2	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	2	0	0	1	1	59
Lopes et al. [82]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	0	2	1	82
Lu et al. [84]	1	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	1	82
Maasakkers et al. [38]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	95
Maasakkers et al. [73]	2	2	2	2	1	0	n/a	1	2	2	2	1	2	2	81
Marinac et al. [64]	1	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	1	2	1	2	1	1	77
Marmeleria et al. [85]	2	1	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	2	2	2	2	2	86
Marusic et al. [71]	2	2	2	2	1	0	n/a	1	0	2	2	0	2	2	69
Olanrewaju et al. [80]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	95
Rosenberg et al. [51]	2	1	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	86
Siddarth et al. [81]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	2	2	1	1	2	82
Snethen et al. [44]	1	1	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	0	2	1	2	2	2	68
Stubbs et al. [56]	2	0	0	1	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	1	2	2	1	64
Suzuki et al. [57]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	2	2	2	2	2	91
van Alphen et al. [45]	2	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	91
Vancampfort et al. [52]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	0	2	2	1	82
Vance et al. [49]	1	1	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	0	0	2	1	59
Varma et al. [86]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	95
Vasquez et al. [47]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	1	91
Wanders et al. [72]	2	2	2	2	1	2	n/a	2	1	2	2	0	2	2	85
Wanigatunga et al. [53]	1	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	1	2	2	2	2	86
Watts et al. [54]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	2	1	2	2	1	2	2	91
Wei et al. [43]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	2	2	2	2	2	95
Wheeler [62]	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	1	2	2	2	2	2	96
Wu et al. [63]	2	2	2	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	2	2	2	2	2	91
Zhu [67]	2	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	2	1	1	2	1	2	77
Zlatar [66]	2	2	1	2	n/a	n/a	n/a	1	1	2	2	2	2	1	82
Total average															83