Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of patients prescribed reduced and full dose DOAC.
| Variable | Reduced dose, total (n = 514) | Full dose, total (n = 199) | P-value* | D75, (n = 53) |
D150 (n = 57) |
P-value* | R15, (n = 224) |
R20, (n = 74) |
P value* | A2.5, (n = 236) |
A5, (n = 68) |
P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean +/- 1SD) | 86.8 ± 3.9 | 83.2 ± 1.4 | <0.001 | 86 ± 3.3 | 82.7 ± 1.4 | < 0.001 | 86.8 ± 3.8 | 82.5 ± 4.2 | < 0.001 | 87.1 ± 4.1 | 84.5 ± 0.7 | |
| Men, n (%) | 206 (40.2) | 97 (48.7) | 30 (56.6) | 24 (42.1) | 83 (37.2) | 39 (52.7) | < 0.001 | 92 (38.8) | 34 (50) |
|||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.4 ± 5.13 | 27.2 ± 1.2 | 26.2 ± 4.3 | 27.9 ± 3 | 25.7 ± 5.4 | 26.4 ± 3.2 | 24.9 ± 4.9 | 27.4 ± 3.3 | 0.004 | |||
| AF Type | <0.001 | < 0.033 | < 0.001 | |||||||||
| New-onset AF, n (%) | 182 (35.4) | 45 (22.6) | < 0.001 | 12 (22.6) | 4 (7) | 0.01 | 78 (35) | 16 (21.6) | < 0.001 | 91 (38.4) | 25 (36.8) | |
| Paroxysmal AF, n (%) | 220 (42.8) | 87 (43.7) | 27 (50.9) | 29 (50.9) | 98 (43.9) |
33 (44.6) | 0.05 | 95 (40.1) | 25 (36.8) | |||
| Chronic AF, n (%) | 107 (20.8) | 67 (33.7) | 13 (24.5) | 24 (42.1) | 44 (19.7) |
25 (33.8) | 49 (20.7) | 18 (26.4) | ||||
| Aspirin use, n (%) | 209 (45.34) | 52 (26.1) | 0.004 | 20 (38) |
15 (26.3) | 103 (46) |
16 (21.6) | 0.003 | 86 (36) |
21 (30.9) | ||
| Clopidogrel use, n (%) | 10 (2.17) | 5 (2.5) | 1 (1.9) | 2 (3.5) | 4 (1.8) | 3 (4.1) | 5 (2.1) | 0 | ||||
| Aspirin + Clopidogrel use, n (%) | 50 (10.85) | 3 (1.5) | < 0.001 | 7 (13 %) | 1 (1.8) | 14 (6.3) | 0 | 29 (12.2) | 2 (2.9) | 0.044 | ||
| Aspirin + Other antiplatelet use, n (%) | 3 (0.6) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.9) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.5) | ||||
| Creatinine clearance (mL/min) | 44.1 ± 16.0 | 59.4 ± 14.1 | < 0.001 | 45.4 ± 16.8 | 60.8 ± 6.4 | 45.7 ± 15.3 | 59.3 ± 0.7 | 42.5 ± 16.4 | 58.4 ± 16.3 | < 0.001 | ||
| Serum Creatinine | 1.22+0.67 | 0.99+0.21 | 1.25 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.037 | 1.13 ± 0.4 | 0.99 ± 0.2 | < 0.001 | 1.29 ± 0.9 | 0.98 ± 0.2 | ||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.32 ± 1.7 | 12.9 ± 1.5 | 12.8 ± 1.8 | 13 ± 0.6 | 12.5 ± 1.6 | 12.9 ± 0.8 | 12.1 ± 1.8 | 12.7 ± 0.42 | ||||
| WBC count (x 109/L) | 7.48 ± 3.7 | 7.8 ± 1.1 | 8.36 ± 8.40 | 8.8 ± 1.3 | 7.25 ± 2.29 | 7.3 ± 0.5 | 7.3 ± 2.93 | 7.4 ± 1.13 | ||||
| Platelet count (x 109/L) | 213.94 ± 74 | 217.2 ± 45.3 | 193 ± 56 | 203 ± 1.4 | 221 ± 74 | 221.1 ± 109.6 | 212 ± 77 | 225.1 ± 101.8 | ||||
| Stroke/TIA, n (%) | 99 (19.3) | 33 (16.6) | 12 (22.6) | 11 (19.3) | 37 (16.6) |
8 (10.8) | 49 (20.7) | 14 (20.6) | ||||
| Systemic embolism, n (%) | 2 (0.4 %) | 0 | 1 (1.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 0 | ||||
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 73 (14.2) | 15 (7.5) | 10 (18.9) | 1 (1.8) | 0.05 | 24 (10.8) | 5 (6.8) | 40 (16.9) | 9 (13.2) | |||
| Valvular Heart Disease, n (%) | 365 (71) | 124 (62.3) | 39 (73.6) | 35 (61.4) | 156 (70) |
48 (64.9) | 168 (70.9) | 41 (60.3) | ||||
| Valve replacement/repair, n (%) | 35 (6.8) | 6 (3) | 6 (11.5) | 3 (5.3) | 19 (8.5) | 2 (2.7) | 9 (3.9) | 1 (1.5) | ||||
| Heart failure, n (%) | 163 (31.7) | 27 (13.6) | 16 (30.2) | 8 (14) | 59 (26.5) | 7 (9.5) | 89 (37.6) | 12 (17.6) | 0.004 | |||
| Diabetes Mellitus, n (%) | 87 (16.9) | 32 (16.1) | 6 (11.3) | 10 (17.5) | 39 (17.5) | 8 (10.8) | 41 (17.3) | 14 (20.6) | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 364 (70.8) | 151 (75.9) | 37 (69.8) | 43 (75.4) | 162 (72.6) | 54 (73) | 163 (68.8) | 54 (79.4) | ||||
| Coronary Artery Disease, n (%) | 169 (36.8) | 67 (33.7) | 25 (47.2) | 19 (33.3) | 78 (35) | 22 (29.7) | 85 (35.9) | 26 (38.2) | ||||
| Peripheral Artery Disease, n (%) | 33 (6.4) | 9 (4.5) | 2 (3.8) | 3 (5.3) | 20 (9) | 2 (2.7) | NS | 11 (4.6) | 4 (5.9) | |||
| Carotid disease, n (%) | 43 (8.4) | 10 (5) | 1 (1.9) | 4 (7) | 17 (7.6) | 1 (1.4) | NS | 24 (10.1) | 5 (7.4) | |||
| Hypercoagulable State, n (%) | 3 (0.6) | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 (1.8) | 2 (0.9) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 0 | ||||
| Coronary Stent(s), n(%) | 99 (19.3) | 23 (11.6) | 14 (26.4) | 5 (8.8) |
35 (15.7) |
7 (9.5) |
49 (20.7) | 11 (16.2) | ||||
| CABG, n (%) | 46 (8.9) | 14 (7) | 6 (11.3) | 5 (8.8) | 22 (9.9) | 7 (9.5) | 19 (8) | 2 (3) | ||||
| Pacemaker, n (%) | 137 (26.7) | 42 (22.1) | 16 (30.2) | 15 (26.3) | 58 (26) |
12 (16.2) | 0.011 | 64 (27) |
15 (22.1) | |||
| Ablation, n (%) | 62 (12.1) |
21 (10.5) |
6 (11.3) |
6 (10.5) |
33 (14.8) |
7 (9.5) |
23 (9.7) | 8 (11.8) |
||||
| Left atrial appendage (LAA) closure, n (%) | 4 (0.8) | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 0 | 3 (1.3 %) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.5) | ||||
| Prescription as per label, n (%) | 268 (52.1) |
167 (83.9) | <0.001 | 15 (28.3) |
55 (100) |
135 (60.3) |
49 (70) |
0.03 | 119 (50.4) |
63 (92.6) |
< 0.001 |
D75 = Dabigatran 75 mg twice daily; D150 = Dabigatran 150 mg twice daily; R15 = Rivaroxaban 15 mg once daily; R20 = Rivaroxaban 20 mg once daily; A2.5 = Apixaban 2.5 mg twice daily; A5 = Apixaban 5 mg twice daily.
*
All p-values are from multivariable stepwise regression.