REAGENT or RESOURCE	SOURCE	IDENTIFIER
Chemicals, peptides and recombinant proteins
PBS buffer	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	P1022
Peptone	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 73049-73-7
Yeast extract	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 119-44-8
NaCl	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 7647-14-5
K2HPO4	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 7758-11-4
KH2PO4	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 7778-77-0
MgSO4.7H2O	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 10034-99-8
CaCl2.6H2O	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 10043-52-4
NaHCO3	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 144-55-8
Tween 80	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 9005-65-6
Glucose	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 50-99-7
Vitamin K1	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 84-80-0
Cysteine HCl	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 52-89-1
Bile salts	Solarbio Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	CAS: 8008-63-7
Critical commercial assays
Human allantoin ELISA Kit	Shanghai Jonln Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	JL-47385
UA detection kit	Shanghai Jonln Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	JL-T1018
D-lactate (D-Lac) and serum diamine oxidase (DAO) assay kit	Nanjing Jiancheng Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	H263-1-2 A088-1-1
Urea nitrogen and creatinine assay kit	Nanjing Jiancheng Biological Technology, Co., Ltd, China	C013-2-1 C011-2-1
Deposited data
Human serum, feces and urine samples	Pingliang Rehabilitation Center Hospital, Gansu, China
16S rRNA sequence data	National Center for Biotechnology Information	PRJNA818122
Metabolomics data	MetaboLights	MTBLS4558