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. 2022 Sep 29;12:1003781. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1003781

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Copyright © 2022 Prochetto, Borgna, Jiménez-Cortegana, Sánchez-Margalet and Cabrera

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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MDSC suppressive mechanisms. MDSC cells, through cell-to-cell contact and the secretion of various anti-inflammatory molecules, produce the suppression of various types of immune cells, both of the innate and adaptive arms. Also, they can affect the function of various proteins and cell migration. The suppression mechanisms of MDSCs are diverse and can exert their action in a specific as well as non-specific manner, as explained in the text. Abbreviations: TGF β, Transforming growth factor β; PGE 2, Prostaglandin E2; NO, Nitric oxide; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; IL-1, Interleukin 1; IL-10, Interleukin 10; CD62L, Cluster of differentiation 62 ligand; CD 73, Cluster of differentiation 73; IDO, Indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase; ARG 1, Argininie1; PNT, peroxynitrite; VISTA, domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation.