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. 2022 Sep 28;10(9):e40500. doi: 10.2196/40500

Table 2.

Baseline scores on outcomes of interest by group (N=1029).

Measurea Waitlist (n=444) Calm (n=585) t test (df) P value

Values, n (%) Values, mean (SD) Values, n (%) Values, mean (SD)

ISIb 444 (100) 11.90 (5.87) 584 (99.8) 11.45 (5.65) 1.22 (1027) .22
ESSc 443 (99.8) 7.10 (4.61) 582 (99.5) 7.26 (4.92) 0.51 (1024) .61
WPAId: absenteeism 415 (93.5) 0.23 (0.42) 559 (95.6) 0.19 (0.39) 1.77 (973) .18
WPAI: presenteeism 406 (91.4) 30.62 (26.14) 547 (93.5) 28.10 (25.69) 1.48 (953) .14
WPAI: overall work impairment 404 (91) 33.08 (28.44) 546 (93.3) 30.30 (27.93) 1.50 (949) .13
WPAI: activity impairment 438 (98.6) 35.87 (28.70) 574 (98.1) 32.33 (27.16) 1.99e (1011) .047e

aAll measures were assessed continuously, except for absenteeism, which was coded as a dichotomous variable (0=any health-related absence and 1=no absence).

bISI: Insomnia Severity Index.

cESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale.

dWPAI: Work Productivity and Activity Impairment.

eSignificant differences from group comparisons.