Table 1.
Summary of clinical characteristics of patients enrolled in the study
| Variable | Group of patients | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fontan (n = 49) | Fontan NO (n = 48) | ||
| Male; n (%) | 21 (42.8) | 22 (45.8) | 0.97 |
| Female; n (%) | 28 (57.1) | 26 (54.2) | |
| Age in days; mean (SD) | 964.6 (228.7) | 897.4 (242.4) | 0.33 |
| Dominant ventricle; right n (%) | 22 (44.9) | 20 (41.6) | 0.90 |
| Preoperative oxygen saturation (%SO2); mean (SD) | 82.4 (12.3) | 81.6 (18.4) | 0.36 |
| CPB time (min); mean (SD) | 98.5 (13.1) | 95.6 (18.3) | 0.45 |
| Cross-clamp time (min); mean (SD) | 33.7 (6.7) | 36.5 (8.3) | 0.12 |
| Post-CPB Lactate level (mmol/l); median (Q1; Q3) | |||
| (5) | 5.12 (2.9; 7.9) | 3.75 (3.2; 6.5) | 0.04 |
| (6) | 2.87 (1.5; 8.2) | 3.21 (1.9; 4.0) | 0.69 |
| (7) | 5.45 (2.9; 6.7) | 4.34 (3.6; 5.1) | 0.15 |
| (8) | 3.2 (2.5) | 2.6 (3.9) | 0.44 |
| (9) | 1.4 (0.8; 2.1) | 1.3 (0.4; 0.6) | 0.33 |
| Post-CPB glucose level (mmol/l); median (Q1; Q3) | |||
| (5) | 9.3 (7.8; 11.5) | 5.16 (4.1; 5.8) | 0.02 |
| (6) | 7.6 (5.2; 12.4) | 7.2 (5.9; 8.1) | 0.06 |
| (7) | 8.3 (4.4; 12.1) | 6.3 (5.1; 8.3) | 0.12 |
| (8) | 6.8 (3.6; 9.1) | 8.1 (7.3; 9.1) | 0.62 |
| (9) | 6.3 (2.6; 7.2) | 6.1 (5.2; 7.3) | 0.43 |
| HR (beat/min); median (Q1; Q3) | |||
| (5) | 97.4 (93.2; 110.2) | 103.9 (94.9; 114.9) | 0.25 |
| (6) | 113.8 (89.5; 130.4) | 94.3 (78,3; 105.9) | 0.12 |
| (7) | 105.4 (97.1; 131.2) | 96.9 (87.2; 113.1) | 0.22 |
| (8) | 110.5 (92.5; 126.4) | 91.6 (82.5; 112.7) | 0.08 |
| (9) | 108.2 (95.9; 124.9) | 106.5 (102.1; 109.6) | 0.41 |
| BP sys. (mmHg) median (Q1; Q3) | |||
| (5) | 98.9 (86.6; 110.2) | 109.4 (105.8; 110.9) | 0.10 |
| (6) | 96.0 (84.5; 102.7) | 97.0 (88.4; 118.4) | 0.48 |
| (7) | 106.1 (86.6; 119.9) | 97.2 (81.7; 105.1) | 0.62 |
| (8) | 92.2 (78.8; 111.7) | 97.2 (81.7; 105.1) | 0.75 |
| (9) | 90.9 (77.2; 116.4) | 91.2 (88.1; 92.8) | 0.51 |
| BP diast. (mmHg) median (Q1; Q3) | |||
| (5) | 63.8 (56.6; 65.8) | 67.4 (67.1; 68.5) | 0.09 |
| (6) | 63.8 (57.7; 73.3) | 67.2 (62.6; 70.3) | 0.06 |
| (7) | 66.81 (52.8; 66.5) | 70.1 (61.9; 76.2) | 0.18 |
| (8) | 65.8 (59.8; 66.3) | 61.4 (55.7; 64.5) | 0.13 |
| (9) | 65.6 (61.7; 68.5) | 60.5 (56.3; 62.0) | 0.09 |
| CVP / PAP (mmHg) median (Q1; Q3) | |||
| (5) | 16.2 (14.1; 21.6) | 14.2 (9.4; 16.0) | 0.04 |
| (6) | 14.3 (10.6; 19.2) | 10.9 (9.7; 14.3) | 0.03 |
| (7) | 17.11 (11.3; 19.1) | 11.3 (8.7; 13.1) | 0.03 |
| (8) | 11.9 (8.1; 18.2) | 10.1 (8.5; 15.7) | 0.15 |
| (9) | 11.5 (8.3; 13.1) | 10.9 (8.5; 11.7) | 0.70 |
| ICU length of stay (d) median (Q1; Q3) | 4.3 (3.4; 7.5) | 3.4 (3.2; 5.1) | 0.04 |
| Maximal catecholamine index (µg/kg/min); median (Q1; Q3) | 5.6 (4.6; 6.8) | 3.4 (2.8; 4.1) | 0.042 |
| Respiratorysupport time (h); median (Q1; Q3) | 13.9 (3.7; 18.5) | 9.3 (7.0; 13.2) | 0.03 |
| Hospital stay; median (Q1; Q3) | 17.2 (9.8; 26.5) | 15.6 (12.1; 20.6) | 0.44 |
| Postoperative pleural effusions duration (days); median (Q1; Q3) | 15.2 (14.2; 21.4) | 12.5 (10.5; 17.6) | 0.05 |
Data are presented as mean (SD) or median (Q1:Q3). Timepoint (5) after CPB discontinuation, (6) 4 h after surgery, (7) 8 h after surgery, (8) 12 h after surgery, (9) 24 h after surgery. CPB cardio-pulmonary by-pass, NO nitric oxide, PCICU pediatric cardiac intensive care unit