Figure 1 –

Study design and timeline. All animals were ovariectomized (OVX) by the vendor prior to shipping (day -4). Upon arrival (day 1), animals were stabilized for one week on a polyphenol-free diet. Randomization took place on day 8, with control animals remaining on the polyphenol-free diet and all others placed on a 5% blueberry diet for the remainder of the study. Jugular catheters were placed on day 14, with animals receiving blueberry phenolics and ⁴⁵Ca via oral gavage two days later. Blood and urine were collected for 48h until sacrifice.