Table 4.

Comparisons of the Current Sample With Non-clinical Normative Data for Psychological Measures

Variable	Current sample mean (SD)	Min	Max	Normative mean (SD)	Current vs norms
Psychological distress (K10, n = 36)	16.22 (5.95)	10	35	14.0 (6.34; n = 4025)	P = 0.036a, Cohen’s d = 0.36
Self-esteem (RSES, n = 36)	21.33 (5.65)	10	30	31.07 (5.15; n = 201)	P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.80
Body image and quality of life Inventory (BIQLI, n = 35)	0.37 (1.58)	−3.00	2.63	1.24 (0.99; n = 135)	P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.68

BIQLI, Body Image Quality of Life Inventory; K10, Kessler 10-Item Distress Scale; RSES, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; SD, standard deviation. K10 male norms are from Slade et al^35,36; RSES male Australian non-clinical norms are from Schmitt and Allik²⁵; BIQLI norms are from Cash et al²⁷.

^a P value adjusted for multiple tests—non-significant at P ≥ 0.017 (0.05/3).