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. 2022 Sep 28;7(40):35387–35445. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03171

Table 6. Different GO Scaffolds for Various Applications.

Entry Scaffolds Biological activity/Mechanical strength Refs
1 GO–calcium phosphate nanocomposites Synergistic enhancement of hMSC osteogenesis (136)
2 GO-based tricomponent scaffolds The role of GO composites was quite like that of real bone. In comparison to other composites, the GO–amylopectin–Hap composite demonstrated improved cytocompatibility, biocompatibility, and ALP activity, as well as increased cell proliferation and biocompatibility. This can be due to the larger pore size and porosity of the GO–amylopectin–Hap composite (studied in human osteosarcoma cells). (135)
3 GO–hydroxyapatite/silk fibroin The scaffold boosts mouse mesenchymal stem cell attachment, growth, and the production of osteogenic gene and osteogenic differentiation. (17)
4 GO–poly-(ε-caprolactone) GO–PCL possesses appropriate porosity and mechanical strength. GO’s introduction improved the protein adsorption of fibers by up to 1%. (138)
5 GO–chitosan–hyaluronic acid scaffold Simvastatin-loaded composite scaffolds have shown to be biocompatible and may be employed as an osteoinductive scaffold in place of natural and synthetic polymer-based scaffolds (studied in Mouse osteoblast cells). (139)
6 Aligned porous chitosan/GO scaffold Advantages in mechanical strength, directing cell alignment, shape-memory, and protein adsorption. (140)
7 Bidoped bioglass/GO nanocomposites The biocompatibility of bioglass and its composite with GO was improved by bidoping. (141)
8 Scaffold of gelatin–alginate–GO Cell attachment and proliferation are improved. (142)
9 Bioinspired polydopamine-coating-assisted electrospun polyurethane– GO nanofiber Mineralization cell attachment and proliferation increases in coated constructs. (19)
10 Nano GO Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP) activates LPAR6 and stimulates the production of migratory tip cells via nano GO-coupled LPA (lysophosphatidic acid) without the need for reactive oxygen species (ROS) activation or further complex modifications. (144)