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. 2022 Sep 29;13:940361. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.940361

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Copyright © 2022 Xu, Zheng, Xia, Qi, Zang, Wang and Wu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The IPD meta-analysis for all included studies: mean CRS-R score change between pre- and post-tDCS for the treatment group vs. the control group. The Forest plot shows the positive MD both in the one-stage and two-stage meta-analysis method, meaning that active tDCS can significantly improve patients' CRS-R scores than sham tDCS. The mean differences were adjusted for the following variables: age, sex, baseline CRS-R score, etiology of injury, and time from injury to tDCS intervention. MD, mean difference; CRS-R, Coma Recovery Scale-Revised.