TABLE 1.

Characteristics of the study groups.

Variable at baseline	All participants; n = 90	Biofeedback group; n = 50	Control group; n = 40	p-value*
Age, years	30 ± 4	30 ± 4	30 ± 4	0.16
Gestational age, weeks	24 ± 6	23 ± 5	25 ± 7	0.22
BMI, kg/m2	24 ± 4	23 ± 5	24 ± 5	0.50
IIQ score	1 ± 2	0 ± 1	1 ± 3	0.42
The firing order of the pelvic floor muscles in the following motor tasks in the:
first quick flicks	2.58 ± 1.95	2.44 ± 1.94	2.75 ± 1.97	0.43
second quick flicks	2.69 ± 1.99	2.60 ± 1.98	2.80 ± 2.02	0.69
third quick flicks	2.80 ± 1.98	2.78 ± 1.99	2.83 ± 2.00	0.92
fourth quick flicks	2.89 ± 1.99	2.68 ± 1.99	3.15 ± 1.98	0.28
fifth quick flicks	2.66 ± 1.98	2.62 ± 1.97	2.70 ± 2.00	0.92
first 10-s contractions	1.99 ± 1.69	2.08 ± 1.77	1.88 ± 1.60	0.86
second 10-s contractions	2.27 ± 1.85	2.30 ± 1.88	2.23 ± 1.85	0.89
third 10-s contractions	2.34 ± 1.89	2.22 ± 1.84	2.50 ± 1.96	0.61
fourth 10-s contractions	2.31 ± 1.87	2.30 ± 1.88	2.33 ± 1.89	0.95
fifth 10-s contractions	2.31 ± 1.87	2.28 ± 1.88	2.35 ± 1.87	0.75
60-s static holds	1.74 ± 1.46	1.64 ± 1.34	1.88 ± 1.60	0.71

Values are expressed as M ± SD; BMI, body mass index; IIQ, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (0–100); *Mann–Whitney test; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant; PFM, pelvic floor muscles; Scale 1–5: (1) PFM activated first in order; (2) PFM activated second; (3) PFM activated third; (4) PFM activated fourth; (5) lack of PFM neuromuscular activity.