Table D3.
Robustness Check for Regional Spillovers and Pre-trends with 1500 Clusters.
| Variables | Impact of Infections in Neighboring Cities | Test for Pre-existing Trends from January 1–22, 2019 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NRF | NPI | NRF | NPI | |||||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | |
| National | −0.017*** | −0.110*** | −0.039*** | −0.070*** | −2.330 | −1.428 | −0.172 | 0.151 |
| (0.003) | (0.001) | (0.009) | (0.018) | (1.716) | (2.050) | (0.409) | (0.461) | |
| Local | −0.332*** | −0.334*** | −0.012*** | −0.010*** | 0.492 | 0.491 | 0.019 | 0.006 |
| (0.064) | (0.049) | (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.432) | (0.491) | (0.098) | (0.098) | |
| Neighbor | 0.098 | 0.043 | 0.015 | −0.009 | ||||
| (0.091) | (0.111) | (0.023) | (0.026) | |||||
| K-means 1500 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Other Control Variables | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
| City-month | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Restaurant FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| City FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Day of the week FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Hour FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Month FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Observations | 144,044 | 144,044 | 144,044 | 144,044 | 118,207 | 118,207 | 118,207 | 118,207 |
| R-squared | 0.127 | 0.203 | 0.142 | 0.277 | 0.501 | 0.561 | 0.237 | 0.365 |
| Variables | Test for Pre-existing Trends from January 23– March 18, 2019 | Test for Pre-existing Trends from March 19-May 31, 2019 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NRF | NPI | NRF | NPI | |||||
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | |
| National | −0.760 | −2.543 | 0.529 | 0.730 | −0.122 | −0.286 | 1.214 | 1.795 |
| (0.439) | (1.517) | (0.781) | (0.531) | (3.793) | (5.828) | (1.417) | (1.220) | |
| Local | 0.016 | 0.010 | −0.007 | −0.009 | 0.129 | 0.071 | 0.072 | 0.077 |
| (0.068) | (0.053) | (0.014) | (0.008) | (0.105) | (0.111) | (0.059) | (0.056) | |
| K-means 1500 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Other Control Variables | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes |
| City-month | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Restaurant FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| City FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Day of the week FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Hour FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Month FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Observations | 188,251 | 188,251 | 188,251 | 188,251 | 271,641 | 271,641 | 271,641 | 271,641 |
| R-squared | 0.499 | 0.555 | 0.350 | 0.454 | 0.209 | 0.299 | 0.220 | 0.350 |
The regressions are estimated using weighted least squares, using as weight the daily number of transactions in each restaurant. Note that *, **, *** indicate 90%, 95%, and 99% levels of confidence. All errors are clustered at the city level.