Table 1.
Baseline characteristics comparison between systolic blood pressure group.
| Variables | SBp < 110 mmHg (n = 368) | 110 ≤ SBp ≤ 140 mmHg (n = 862) | >140 mmHg (n = 351) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61.1 ± 11.4 | 63.3 ± 10.9 | 65.7 ± 10.3 | <.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 310 (84.2) | 750 (87.0) | 287 (81.8) | .055 |
| Vital sign at admission | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)* | 102 (96–106) | 124 (118–131) | 150 (145–158) | <.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)* | 64 (58–69) | 74 (69–81) | 85 (77–92) | <.001 |
| PP (mmHg)* | 37 (32–42) | 49 (42–57) | 67 (58–77) | <.001 |
| Heart rate (beat per minute)* | 79 (70–91) | 78 (70–88) | 78 (70–90) | .198 |
| Reason for admission | ||||
| STEMI, n (%) | 83 (22.6) | 119 (13.8) | 30 (8.6) | <.001 |
| Non-STEMI, n (%) | 32 (8.7) | 58 (6.7) | 30 (8.6) | .366 |
| Unstable angina, n (%) | 178 (48.4) | 454 (52.7) | 196 (55.8) | .130 |
| Acute heart failure, n (%) | 136 (37.0) | 329 (38.2) | 141 (40.2) | .668 |
| NYHA Class III–IV, n (%) | 99 (26.9) | 218 (25.3) | 97 (27.6) | .658 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Current smoker, n (%) | 84 (22.8) | 211 (24.5) | 78 (22.2) | .650 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 128 (34.8) | 278 (32.3) | 125 (35.6) | .456 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 229 (62.2) | 564 (65.4) | 236 (67.2) | .353 |
| Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 152 (41.3) | 348 (40.4) | 144 (41.0) | .947 |
| Anaemia, n (%) | 98 (26.6) | 146 (16.9) | 78 (22.2) | <.001 |
| CKD, n (%) | 84 (22.8) | 198 (23.0) | 94 (26.8) | .326 |
| COPD, n (%) | 28 (7.6) | 58 (6.7) | 31 (8.8) | .440 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 17 (4.6) | 42 (4.9) | 12 (3.4) | .536 |
| Prior stroke/TIA, n (%) | 15 (4.1) | 68 (7.9) | 43 (12.3) | <.001 |
| Prior MI, n (%) | 140 (38.0) | 321 (37.2) | 105 (29.9) | .032 |
| Prior PCI, n (%) | 225 (61.1) | 500 (58.0) | 187 (53.3) | .099 |
| Prior CABG, n (%) | 4 (1.1) | 19 (2.2) | 7 (2.0) | .416 |
| Laboratory | ||||
| Haemoglobin (g/L)* | 130 (117–143) | 134 (122–146) | 134 (119–145) | .012 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L)* | 4.10 (3.32–5.00) | 4.20 (3.52–5.00) | 4.30 (3.60–5.10) | .022 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L)* | 2.67 (2.14–3.33) | 2.73 (2.20–3.33) | 2.79 (2.25–3.41) | .140 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L)* | 0.87 (0.73–1.03) | 0.92 (0.79–1.06) | 0.96 (0.81–1.11) | <.001 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L)* | 1.27 (0.95–1.76) | 1.28 (1.00–1.81) | 1.31 (0.98–1.77) | .559 |
| Lp (a) (mg/dL)* | 21.8 (10.4–46.2) | 18.5 (9.8–39.0) | 22.2 (10.2–43.6) | .194 |
| Creatinine (µmol/L)* | 93.9 (80.5–108.0) | 90.9 (77.7–108.9) | 91.0 (75.1–111.2) | .572 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)* | 74.3 (61.2–88.3) | 75.5 (61.3–91.3) | 74.1 (57.9–89.3) | .264 |
| HbA1c (%)* | 6.2 (5.7–7.4) | 6.3 (5.8–7.5) | 6.4 (5.8–7.6) | .222 |
| FPG (mmol/L)* | 5.31 (4.61–6.89) | 5.35 (4.64–6.74) | 5.49 (4.62–6.82) | .814 |
| Hs-CRP (mg/L)* | 5.56 (1.40–19.26) | 5.30 (1.33–16.30) | 4.61 (1.63–11.4) | .492 |
| Hs-cTNT (pg/mL)* | 58.3 (22.7–430.8) | 34.6 (17.6–188.3) | 29.3 (16.5–100.8) | <.001 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL)* | 2163 (991–4447) | 1410 (551–3488) | 1473 (549–3291) | <.001 |
| Echocardiographic index | ||||
| LA diameter (mm)* | 40 (36–45) | 40 (36–44) | 40 (37–44) | .557 |
| LVESD (mm)* | 48 (41–54) | 47 (41–53) | 46 (40–52) | .054 |
| LVEDD (mm)* | 59 (53–65) | 59 (53–64) | 58 (53–63) | .332 |
| LVEF (%)* | 35 (29–39) | 36 (30–41) | 38 (32–41) | <.001 |
| E/e* | 16.7 (12.5–25.0) | 16.2 (12.1–22.3) | 16.3 (12.8–22.0) | .182 |
| Coronary angiography | ||||
| LM, n (%) | 88 (23.9) | 218 (25.3) | 90 (25.6) | .841 |
| LAD, n (%) | 331 (90.0) | 793 (92.0) | 323 (92.0) | .463 |
| LCX, n (%) | 253 (68.8) | 635 (73.7) | 268 (76.4) | .062 |
| RCA, n (%) | 277 (75.3) | 664 (77.0) | 278 (79.2) | .454 |
| Single vessel, n (%) | 49 (13.3) | 105 (12.2) | 45 (12.8) | .850 |
| Two vessels, n (%) | 76 (20.7) | 173 (20.1) | 64 (18.2) | .687 |
| Three vessels, n (%) | 220 (59.8) | 547 (63.5) | 232 (66.1) | .208 |
| In-hospital treatment | ||||
| IV inotropic agents, n (%) | 80 (21.7) | 100 (11.6) | 26 (7.4) | <.001 |
| IV diuretics, n (%) | 160 (43.5) | 292 (33.9) | 123 (35.0) | .005 |
| Coronary stenting, n (%) | 245 (66.6) | 586 (68.0) | 235 (67.0) | .870 |
| Medications at discharge | ||||
| Aspirin, n (%) | 317 (86.1) | 767 (89.0) | 311 (88.6) | .357 |
| Clopidogrel, n (%) | 264 (71.7) | 632 (73.3) | 267 (76.1) | .409 |
| Ticagrelor, n (%) | 58 (15.8) | 114 (13.2) | 33 (9.4) | .038 |
| Statins, n (%) | 345 (93.8) | 827 (95.9) | 330 (94.0) | .171 |
| Betablocker, n (%) | 311 (84.5) | 727 (84.3) | 297 (84.6) | .992 |
| RASi, n (%) | 207 (56.3) | 625 (72.5) | 280 (79.8) | <.001 |
| ARNI, n (%) | 10 (2.7) | 24 (2.8) | 12 (3.4) | .811 |
| MRA, n (%) | 213 (57.9) | 439 (50.9) | 158 (45.0) | .003 |
| Loop diuretic, n (%) | 200 (54.4) | 405 (47.0) | 160 (45.6) | .030 |
| Digoxin, n (%) | 33 (9.0) | 71 (8.2) | 14 (4.0) | .018 |
| CCB, n (%) | 4 (1.1) | 68 (7.9) | 86 (24.5) | <.001 |
| Insulin, n (%) | 31 (8.4) | 55 (6.4) | 25 (7.1) | .437 |
| Oral anti-diabetics, n (%) | 121 (32.9) | 259 (30.1) | 106 (30.2) | .596 |
| Oral anticoagulants, n (%) | 35 (9.5) | 63 (7.3) | 24 (6.8) | .325 |
PP: pulse pressure; STEMI: ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; non-STEMI: non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; CKD: chronic kidney disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; TIA: transient ischaemic attack; MI: myocardial infarction; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; LDL-C: low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; Lp(a): lipoprotein(a); eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c: glycated haemoglobin A1c; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; Hs-CRP: high sensitivity C reactive protein; Hs-cTnT: high sensitivity cardiac troponin-T; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; LA: left atrial; LVESD: left ventricular end systolic diameter; LVEDD: left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; IV: intravenous; LM: left main coronary artery; LAD: left anterior descending coronary artery; LCX: left circumflex artery; RCA: right coronary artery; RASi: renin-angiotensin-system inhibitor; ARNI: angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor; MRA: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; CCB: Calcium channel blocker; *presented as median (interquartile range).