Table 9.

Criteria for diagnosis of primary muscle tension dysphonia.

Criterion for diagnosis	n
Presence of a voice problem in the absence of vocal fold pathology	27
Perceptually abnormal voice quality	12
Not specified	11
Presence of self-reported voice complaints	7
Specific laryngeal features	7
Presence of laryngeal muscle tension, as detected visually or manually	7
History of “vocal abuse or misuse” associated with a specific context (e.g., high vocal demands, stressful situations, etc.)	5
Dysphonia Severity Index score (Wuyts et al., 2000)	2