Table 3.

Associations between OCT Angiography Binary Metric and Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy Status

Metric	Control Group vs. Diabetes Mellitus and No Diabetic Retinopathy Group∗									Control Group vs. Diabetic Retinopathy Group
	C0	I1	I2	N1	N2	S1	S2	T1	T2	C0	I1	I2	N1	N2	S1	S2	T1	T2
Nerve fiber layer vascular plexus
Reference	0.002	0.023	0.135	0.019	0.083	0.023	0.138	0.021	0.033	0.002	0.023	0.135	0.019	0.083	0.023	0.138	0.021	0.033
Comparison	0.002	–0.002	–0.019	0.005	–0.008	0.005	–0.008	0.006	0.007	0.002	–0.001	–0.012	0.001	–0.009	0.000	–0.017	0.004	0.003
Difference (%)	0.0	–8.7	–14.1	26.3	–9.6	21.7	–5.8	28.6	21.2	0.0	–4.3	–8.9	5.3	–10.8	0.0	–12.3	19.0	9.1
P value	0.670	0.690	0.001	0.410	0.150	0.410	0.193	0.270	0.220	0.650	0.840	0.033	0.830	0.100	0.940	0.003	0.490	0.590
AUC (95% CI)	0.55 (0.47, 0.63)	0.51 (0.43, 0.60)	0.58 (0.48, 0.67)	0.56 (0.47, 0.64)	0.55 (0.46, 0.63)	0.60 (0.52, 0.68)	0.48 (0.39, 0.56)	0.60 (0.52, 0.69)	0.59 (0.51, 0.68)	0.59 (0.51, 0.67)	0.49 (0.41, 0.58)	0.55 (0.46, 0.63)	0.52 (0.44, 0.60)	0.55 (0.47, 0.63)	0.49 (0.40, 0.57)	0.55 (0.47, 0.64)	0.49 (0.40, 0.59)	0.52 (0.44, 0.60)
Superficial vascular complex
Reference	0.096	0.335	0.389	0.338	0.407	0.347	0.390	0.311	0.360	0.096	0.335	0.389	0.338	0.407	0.347	0.390	0.311	0.360
Comparison	–0.003	–0.012	0.010	–0.016	–0.009	–0.005	–0.001	–0.013	0.005	0.009	–0.031	–0.026	–0.030	–0.031	–0.031	–0.035	–0.027	–0.035
Difference (%)	–3.1	–3.6	2.6	–4.7	–2.2	–1.4	–0.3	–4.2	1.4	9.4	–9.3	–6.7	–8.9	–7.6	–8.9	–9.0	–8.7	–9.7
P value	0.730	0.130	0.224	0.047	0.250	0.570	0.880	0.120	0.57	0.290	<0.001	0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
AUC (95% CI)	0.59 (0.50–0.68)	0.60 (0.52–0.68)	0.49 (0.42–0.57)	0.61 (0.53–0.70)	0.60 (0.53–0.68)	0.57 (0.48–0.65)	0.56 (0.48–0.64)	0.61 (0.53–0.68)	0.53 (0.45–0.62)	0.50 (0.41–0.58)	0.59 (0.50–0.68)	0.59 (0.52–0.67)	0.61 (0.53–0.69)	0.65 (0.57–0.73)	0.60 (0.52–0.68)	0.63 (0.55–0.72)	0.58 (0.50–0.67)	0.65 (0.57–0.73)
Deep vascular complex
Reference	0.262	0.455	0.443	0.472	0.480	0.472	0.453	0.456	0.470	0.262	0.455	0.443	0.472	0.480	0.472	0.453	0.456	0.470
Comparison	–0.020	0.013	0.024	–0.004	0.000	0.004	0.006	0.006	0.017	–0.005	–0.027	–0.012	–0.018	–0.018	–0.017	–0.023	–0.023	–0.021
Difference (%)	–7.6	2.9	5.4	–0.8	0.0	0.8	1.3	1.3	3.6	–1.9	–5.9	–2.7	–3.8	–3.8	–3.6	–5.1	–5.0	–4.5
P value	0.017	0.12	0.004	0.654	0.963	0.628	0.463	0.502	0.042	0.529	< 0.001	0.132	0.028	0.027	0.044	0.006	0.006	0.012
AUC (95% CI)	0.61 (0.53–0.69)	0.59 (0.52–0.67)	0.54 (0.47–0.61)	0.68 (0.61–0.75)	0.64 (0.56–0.72)	0.64 (0.56–0.72)	0.61 (0.53–0.69)	0.60 (0.52–0.68)	0.57 (0.49–0.65)	0.54 (0.45–0.62)	0.69 (0.63–0.76)	0.61 (0.54–0.69)	0.68 (0.61–0.75)	0.73 (0.67–0.79)	0.65 (0.58–0.73)	0.67 (0.59–0.75)	0.68 (0.60–0.75)	0.67 (0.60–0.75)

AUC = area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; CI = confidence interval.

Reference rows indicate the adjusted mean value of the OCT angiography metric in the control group, comparison rows indicate the estimated difference between the mean for the relevant group (diabetes mellitus and no diabetic retinopathy or diabetic retinopathy) and the control group mean. Comparisons between the control group and diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy group with P < 0.05 appear in boldface. The AUC values are from models classifying diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy status using OCT angiography metrics as the sole predictor.

^∗Adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, smoking status, and refractive error.