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. 2022 Oct 13;17(10):e0276102. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276102

Table 5. Concentration indices showing wealth-based inequality in the use of maternal health services in Sierra Leone, 2008, 2013 and 2019.

Health indicator Survey year Conc. Index (CI) SE (CI) 95% CI
Low High
4+ ANC visits 2008 0.197* 0.023 0.152 0.243
2013 0.052* 0.013 0.026 0.077
2019 0.016 0.013 -0.010 0.042
Skilled ANC 2008 0.104* 0.017 0.070 0.138
2013 0.022* 0.005 0.012 0.032
2019 -0.007 0.007 -0.021 0.008
Facility births 2008 0.202* 0.024 0.155 0.249
2013 0.196* 0.024 0.148 0.244
2019 0.109* 0.019 0.072 0.147
SBA 2008 0.330* 0.026 0.279 0.382
2013 0.250* 0.023 0.206 0.295
2019 0.113* 0.016 0.081 0.145

Note: * = p<0.001

** = p<0.01; 4+ ANC visits = four or more antenatal care visits; skilled ANC = skilled antenatal care provider; facility births = births delivered in a facility; SBA = births assisted by a skilled birth attendant.