Table 3.

Endophytic microorganisms producing plant secondary metabolites in host plants.

Endophytic microorganisms	Host plant	Plant secondary metabolite	Bioactivity of secondary metabolite	References
Bacterial endophytes
Jishengella endophytica	Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig	Perlolyrine	Antiviral effect	Wang et al., 2014
Streptomyces sp. TP-A0569	Allium fistulosum (L.)	Fistupyrone	Protection against pathogenic fungi	Bernardi et al., 2019
Streptomyces sp. TP-A0556	Aucuba japonica Thunb.	Coumarins TPU-0031-A and B	Antibiotic activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria	Bernardi et al., 2019
Streptomyces hygroscopicus TP-A0451	Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn	Pteridic acids A and B, Pterocidin	Plant growth-promoting properties	Bernardi et al., 2019
Taxomyces andreanae	Taxus brevifolia Nutt.	Taxol	Anticancer	Strobel et al., 1993
Streptomyces griseus	Kandelia candel (L.) Druce	p-Aminoacetophenonic acids	Antimicrobial	Guan et al., 2005
Streptomyces NRRL 30562	Kennedia nigricans Lindl.	Munumbicins Munumbicin D	Antibiotic Antimalarial	Castillo et al., 2002
Serratia marcescens	Rhyncholacis penicillata Matthiesen	Oocydin A	Antifungal	Strobel et al., 2004
Pseudomonas fluorescens	Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.)DC.	Increases oxygenous sesquiterpenoid content	Triggers generation of ROS	Zhou et al., 2015
Azotobacter chroococcum	Curcuma longa (L.)	Curcumin	Anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antioxidant	Kumar et al., 2014
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	Papaver somniferum (L.)	Enhance alkaloid and morphine contents	Narcotic analgesics	Limón et al., 2015
Pseudonocardia sp.	Artemisia annua (L.)	Artemisinin	Antimalarial	Sato and Kumagai, 2013
Fungal endophytes
Acremonium sp., Shiraia sp.	Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trevis.	Huperzine A	Anticholinesterase	Li et al., 2007
Alternaria sp.	Phellodendron amurense Rupr.	Berberine	Antibiotic	Duan et al., 2009
Alternaria sp.	Sabina vulgaris Antoine	Podophyllotoxin	Antitumor	Lu et al., 2006
Aspergillus fumigatus	Podocarpus sp. Pers.	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Sun et al., 2008
Aspergillus nidulans, A. oryzae	Ginkgo biloba (L.)	Quercetin	Anti-inflammatory	Qiu et al., 2010
Blastomyces sp., Botrytis sp.	Phlegmariurus cryptomerianus	Huperzine A	Anticholinesterase	Ju et al., 2009
Botryodiplodia theobroma, Fusarium lateritium, Monochaetia sp., Pestalotia bicilia	Taxus baccata (L.)	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Venkatachalam et al., 2008
Cephalosporium corda	Fritillaria ussuriensis (Maxim.)	Sipeimine	Antibechic and anti-ulcer	Yin and Chen, 2008
Cephalosporium sp., Paecilomyces sp.	Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz.	Diosgenin	Antitumor, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular protection	Cao et al., 2007
Chaetomium globosum	Hypericum perforatum (L.)	Hypericin	Anti-depressant	Kusari et al., 2008
Cladosporium cladosporio	Taxus media Rehder	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Zhang et al., 2009
Cochliobolus nisikadoi	Cinnamomum camphora chvar. Borneol	Borneol	Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant	Chen et al., 2011b
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides	Piper nigrum (L.)	Piperine	Antimicrobial, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer	Chithra et al., 2014
Entrophospora infrequens, Neurospora sp.	Nothapodytes foetida (Wight) Sleumer	Camptothecin	Antitumor	Amna et al., 2006; Rehman et al., 2008
Fusarium oxysporum	Juniperus recurva Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don	Podophyllotoxin	Antitumor	Kour et al., 2008
Fusarium oxysporum	Ginkgo biloba (L.)	Ginkgolide B	Antishock, anti-inflammatory, and antiallergic	Cui et al., 2012
Fusarium redolens	Fritillaria wabuensis S.Y. Teng & S.C. Yueh	Peimisine and imperialine-3β-D-glucoside	Get rid of sputum, cough, and antitumor	Pan et al., 2015
Fusarium solani	Apodytes dimidiata E.Mey. ex Arn.	Camptothecin	Antitumor	Shweta et al., 2010
Fusarium solani	Camptotheca acuminata Decne	Camptothecin	Antitumor	Kusari et al., 2009
Fusarium solani	Taxus celebica (Warb.) H.L. Li	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Chakravarthi et al., 2008
Fusarium solani, Metarhizium anisopliae, Mucor rouxianus	Taxus chinensis Roxb.	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Deng et al., 2009; Liu et al., 2009
Monilia sp., Penicillium implication	Dysosma veitchii (Hemsl. & E.H.Wilson) L.K.Fu ex T.S.Ying	Podophyllotoxin	Antitumor	Yang et al., 2003
Ozonium sp., Alternaria alternata, Botrytis sp., Ectostroma sp., Fusarium mairei, Papulaspora sp., Tubercularia sp.	Taxus chinensis var. mairei (Lemee & Levl.) W.C. Cheng & L.K. Fu	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Zhou et al., 2007; Guo et al., 2009; Wu et al., 2013
Penicillium chrysogenum	Lycopodium serratum Thunb.	Huperzine A	Anticholinesterase	Zhou et al., 2009
Penicillium implicatum	Diphylleia sinensis H.L.Li	Podophyllotoxin	Antitumor	Zeng et al., 2004
Penicillium sp., Phialocephala fortinii, Trametes hirsuta, Alternaria neesex	Sinopodophyllm hexandrum (Royle) Ying	Podophyllotoxin	Antitumor	Li, 2007
Pestalotiopsis microspora, Sporormia minima, Trichothecium sp.	Taxus wallachiana Zucc.	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Shrestha et al., 2001
Pestalotiopsis pauciseta	Cardiospermum helicacabum (L.)	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Gangadevi et al., 2008
Pestalotiopsis terminaliae	Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn.	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Gangadevi and Muthumary, 2009
Phomopsis sp., Diaporthe sp., Schizophyllum sp., Penicillium sp., Fomitopsis sp., Arthrinium sp.	Cinchona ledgeriana Bern. Moens	Cinchona alkaloids: quinine, quinidine, cinchonidine, cinchonine	Antipyretic and antimalarial, analgesic and anti-inflammatory	Maehara et al., 2012
Phyllosticta citricarpa Phyllosticta spinarum	Citrus medica (L.) Cupressus (L.)	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Kumaran et al., 2008
Phyllosticta dioscoreae	Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (L.)	Paclitaxel	Antitumor	Kumaran et al., 2009
Sordariomycete sp.	Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.	Chlorogenic acid	Antimicrobial and antitumor	Chen et al., 2010
Trichoderma atroviride D16	Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge	Tanshinone IIA and tanshinone I	Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory	Ming et al., 2011