Table 5.
Adjusted* Cox proportional hazards regression model of factors associated with overall and melanoma-specific survival among women with invasive melanoma**
| Overall survival | Melanoma specific survival | |
|---|---|---|
|
| ||
| Characteristics | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) |
|
| ||
| Age (each year) | 1.04 ( 1.03, 1.05) | 1.03 ( 1.02, 1.04) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | Reference | Reference |
| Asian, Black and Native American | 1.49 ( 1.03, 2.17) | 1.24 ( 0.79, 1.95) |
| Hispanic | 0.99 ( 0.79, 1.25) | 0.91 ( 0.70, 1.20) |
| Other/unknown | 0.06 ( 0.02, 0.24) | 0.05 ( 0.01, 0.32) |
| Neighbourhood SES | ||
| High | Reference | Reference |
| Low | 1.14 ( 0.98, 1.33) | 0.98 ( 0.82, 1.17) |
| Insurance | ||
| Private | Reference | Reference |
| Public/none | 2.12 ( 1.77, 2.54) | 2.12 ( 1.73, 2.61) |
| Unknown | 0.56 ( 0.42, 0.74) | 0.45 ( 0.31, 0.64) |
| Year of diagnosis | ||
| 1994–2000 | Reference | Reference |
| 2001–2005 | 0.72 ( 0.60, 0.87) | 0.66 ( 0.54, 0.82) |
| 2006–2010 | 0.81 ( 0.65, 1.00) | 0.78 ( 0.62, 0.99) |
| 2011–2015 | 0.52 ( 0.37, 0.74) | 0.44 ( 0.30, 0.65) |
| Tumor site | ||
| Lower limb and hip | Reference | Reference |
| Face | 1.57 ( 1.12, 2.19) | 1.61 ( 1.10, 2.37) |
| Scalp and neck | 2.70 ( 1.99, 3.66) | 2.82 ( 2.00, 3.96) |
| Skin of trunk | 1.49 ( 1.22, 1.83) | 1.56 ( 1.24, 1.97) |
| Upper limb and shoulder | 1.16 ( 0.92, 1.45) | 1.02 ( 0.77, 1.34) |
| Other | 3.43 ( 2.33, 5.05) | 3.18 ( 2.06, 4.91) |
| Histologic type | ||
| Superficial spreading melanoma | Reference | Reference |
| Nodular melanoma | 1.28 ( 0.98, 1.67) | 1.21 ( 0.89, 1.64) |
| Rare subtypes | 1.15 ( 0.62, 2.14) | 1.22 ( 0.61, 2.44) |
| Malignant melanoma, NOS | 1.12 ( 0.93, 1.35) | 1.06 ( 0.85, 1.32) |
| Tumor thickness (Breslow depth) | ||
| 0.01–1.00 mm | Reference | Reference |
| 1.01–2.00 mm | 3.52 ( 2.76, 4.47) | 4.89 ( 3.65, 6.57) |
| 2.01–4.00 mm | 5.92 ( 4.51, 7.76) | 9.21 ( 6.70, 12.66) |
| > 4.00 mm | 9.14 ( 6.77, 12.35) | 13.93 ( 9.81, 19.80) |
| Unknown | 3.14 ( 2.40, 4.10) | 4.60 ( 3.34, 6.33) |
| Time to surgery | ||
| <30 days | Reference | Reference |
| 30–59 days | 0.89 ( 0.73, 1.09) | 0.91 ( 0.72, 1.14) |
| 60–89 days | 0.78 ( 0.53, 1.15) | 0.91 ( 0.60, 1.37) |
| ≥90 days | 1.35 ( 0.96, 1.90) | 1.32 ( 0.89, 1.96) |
| No surg/unknown | 2.90 ( 2.08, 4.05) | 3.20 ( 2.20, 4.67) |
| Lymph node involvement | ||
| No lymph node involvement | Reference | Reference |
| Regional lymph nodes | 2.66 ( 2.18, 3.25) | 2.81 ( 2.25, 3.51) |
| Unknown | 1.62 ( 1.29, 2.04) | 1.85 ( 1.42, 2.41) |
| Lymph nodes examined | ||
| Yes | Reference | Reference |
| No | 1.03 ( 0.84, 1.26) | 1.03 ( 0.81, 1.31) |
| Pregnancy | ||
| No | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 0.75 ( 0.56, 1.02) | 0.73 ( 0.52, 1.04) |
Abbreviations: HR: hazards ratio; CI: confidence interval; mm: millimeter; SES: socioeconomic status; NOS: not otherwise specified
*
Adjusted for all the variables in the table
**
Total number of patients 9174