Table 1.
Characteristics of study samples examining unintentional traumatic injury, by skeletal muscle relaxant
| Skeletal Muscle Relaxant | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baclofen | Carisoprodol | Chlorzoxazone | Cyclobenzaprine | Dantrolene | Metaxalone | Methocarbamol | Orphenadrine | Tizanidine | |
| Number of persons | 7,981 | 5,726 | 629 | 35,940 | 42 | 4,626 | 6,054 | 1,492 | 12,167 |
| Days of observation period per person, median (Q1–Q3) | 37.0 (28.0–123.0) | 37.0 (13.0–71.0) | 19.0 (13.0–37.0) | 19.0 (13.0–37.0) | 104.0 (37.0–256.0) | 13.0 (10.0–37.0) | 19.0 (10.0–37.0) | 13.0 (10.0–35.0) | 37.0 (23.0–109.0) |
| Total number of unintentional traumatic injuriesa | 8,978 | 6,133 | 693 | 38,856 | 46 | 4,772 | 6,545 | 1,548 | 13,738 |
| Age in years, median (Q1–Q3) | 65.0 (53.4–74.5) | 49.5 (39.7–60.1) | 51.0 (39.9–62.9) | 51.8 (39.8–64.8) | 55.1 (43.1–66.6) | 47.0 (37.2–57.9) | 51.7 (39.6–63.8) | 47.9 (36.7–60.5) | 61.6 (50.4–71.9) |
| Female, n (%) | 5,296 (66.4) | 3,403 (59.4) | 386 (61.4) | 21,512 (59.9) | 21 (50.0) | 2,746 (59.4) | 3,590 (59.3) | 839 (56.2) | 8,244 (67.8) |
| Race, n (%) | |||||||||
| Caucasian | 5,125 (64.2) | 3,863 (67.5) | 420 (66.8) | 24,491 (68.1) | 27 (64.3) | 3,208 (69.3) | 4,252 (70.2) | 1,011 (67.8) | 7,968 (65.5) |
| African American | 1,008 (12.6) | 543 (9.5) | 73 (11.6) | 3,674 (10.2) | 5 (11.9) | 312 (6.7) | 586 (9.7) | 134 (9.0) | 1,775 (14.6) |
| Hispanic | 839 (10.5) | 453 (7.9) | 43 (6.8) | 2,981 (8.3) | 4 (9.5) | 314 (6.8) | 477 (7.9) | 106 (7.1) | 866 (7.1) |
| Asian | 93 (1.2) | 98 (1.7) | 10 (1.6) | 641 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 63 (1.4) | 111 (1.8) | 16 (1.1) | 136 (1.1) |
| Unknown | 916 (11.5) | 769 (13.4) | 83 (13.2) | 4,153 (11.6) | 6 (14.3) | 729 (15.8) | 628 (10.4) | 225 (15.1) | 1,422 (11.7) |
| Region, n (%) | |||||||||
| New England | 249 (3.1) | 162 (2.8) | 10 (1.6) | 1,479 (4.1) | 1 (2.4) | 143 (3.1) | 251 (4.1) | 40 (2.7) | 257 (2.1) |
| Middle Atlantic | 408 (5.1) | 180 (3.1) | 27 (4.3) | 1,928 (5.4) | 2 (4.8) | 311 (6.7) | 218 (3.6) | 50 (3.4) | 458 (3.8) |
| East North Central | 973 (12.2) | 476 (8.3) | 151 (24.0) | 6,388 (17.8) | 4 (9.5) | 840 (18.2) | 978 (16.2) | 400 (26.8) | 1,869 (15.4) |
| West North Central | 641 (8.0) | 314 (5.5) | 63 (10.0) | 3,801 (10.6) | 11 (26.2) | 381 (8.2) | 525 (8.7) | 190 (12.7) | 1,009 (8.3) |
| South Atlantic | 2,598 (32.6) | 1,542 (26.9) | 151 (24.0) | 9,282 (25.8) | 14 (33.3) | 1,341 (29.0) | 1,397 (23.1) | 397 (26.6) | 3,991 (32.8) |
| East South Central | 460 (5.8) | 332 (5.8) | 45 (7.2) | 1,371 (3.8) | 1 (2.4) | 218 (4.7) | 419 (6.9) | 67 (4.5) | 1,002 (8.2) |
| West South Central | 999 (12.5) | 1,035 (18.1) | 110 (17.5) | 4,967 (13.8) | 3 (7.1) | 731 (15.8) | 876 (14.5) | 175 (11.7) | 1,908 (15.7) |
| Mountain | 813 (10.2) | 771 (13.5) | 45 (7.2) | 3,452 (9.6) | 3 (7.1) | 391 (8.5) | 608 (10.0) | 139 (9.3) | 1,019 (8.4) |
| Pacific | 814 (10.2) | 876 (15.3) | 26 (4.1) | 3,143 (8.7) | 3 (7.1) | 265 (5.7) | 758 (12.5) | 33 (2.2) | 631 (5.2) |
| Unknown | 26 (0.3) | 38 (0.7) | 1 (0.2) | 129 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (0.1) | 24 (0.4) | 1 (0.1) | 23 (0.2) |
Q = quartile
a
Per the self-controlled case series design, all included individuals had to have at least one injury during the observation period.