. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Pain. 2022 Jun 10;23(10):1724–1736. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2022.05.008

Table 3.

Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence limits (CL) for painful temporomandibular disorder associated with n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, n=503

	Minimally adjusted model^(a)			Partially adjusted model^(b)			Fully adjusted model^(c)
	OR	95% CL	P	OR	95% CL	P	OR	95% CL	P
n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio	1.48	1.01, 2.16	0.046	1.58	1.07, 2.34	0.021	1.75	1.16, 2.64	0.007
Age, y
18–29	Ref			Ref			Ref
30–39	0.57	0.34, 0.96	0.036	0.56	0.33, 0.95	0.032	0.56	0.33, 0.97	0.037
40–49	0.75	0.45, 1.24	0.260	0.82	0.48, 1.38	0.447	0.83	0.49, 1.40	0.476
50–74	0.96	0.54, 1.72	0.894	0.98	0.54, 1.79	0.948	0.97	0.53, 1.78	0.922
Sex
Men	Ref			Ref			Ref
Women	1.42	0.95, 2.14	0.090	1.43	0.94, 2.17	0.096	1.41	0.92, 2.14	0.111
Race^(d)
White				Ref			Ref
Black/African American				0.40	0.23, 0.70	0.001	0.38	0.22, 0.68	0.001
Other				1.89	1.03, 3.45	0.040	1.86	1.02, 3.42	0.044
Obesity
Not obese (BMI <30 kg/m²)				Ref			Ref
Obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²)				1.28	0.84, 1.95	0.241	1.27	0.83, 1.93	0.272
Linoleic acid 18:2n-6 (z-score)							1.36	0.88, 2.10	0.165
α-linolenic acid 18:3n-3 (z-score)							0.94	0.62, 1.42	0.780
Intercept	0.33	0.18, 0.62	0.001	0.33	0.17, 0.63	0.001	0.26	0.13, 0.53	<0.001

^(a)

Model adjusted for study site (not shown), age and sex

^(b)

Model additionally adjusted race/ethnicity and obesity

^(c)

Model additionally adjusted for the essential fatty acids linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid

^(d)

Racial groups are White; Black/African American; or Other (Asian; Native American; Other or multiple races; Not stated. Includes Hispanic ethnicity).