Figure 6.

Locally delivered MSCs had peri-vascular localization and promoted angiogenesis

(A) Fluorescent microscopy showing vessels (EMCN) and implanted cells (fNP). Scale bars, 80 μm; yellow dotted line, VOI for quantitative analysis; c, cortical bone; d, defect area; zoomed-in images of regions enclosed by white dotted line are shown to the right, followed by 3D rendered surfaces. Scale bars, 10 μm; white arrows, fNP+ cells adjacent to newly formed vessels.

(B) The distance distribution of implanted cells (fNP) to EMCN+ vessels.

(C–F) Vessel volume, the distribution of vessel diameter versus volume, and vessel number at each time point; ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01; n = 6 mice.

(G) Fluorescent microscopy showing newly formed vessels (green) and blood volume generated with neural network (white) within the defect. Scale bars, 100 and 50 μm for up and down planes, respectively; c, cortical bone; d, defect area.

(H) Blood volume quantification; ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01; n = 6.