Figure 2. Models of Environmental Sensitivity and Vantage Sensitivity.

(A) Illustration of the three models of Environmental Sensitivity: Vantage Sensitivity, Differential Susceptibility and Diathesis-Stress. These models describe the inter-individual differences in response to both positive and negative environmental factors, and have been applied to epigenetic changes in the context of resilience. Diathesis-Stress describes individual differences in response to negative factors whereas Vantage Sensitivity describes variability regarding positive factors. Differential Susceptibility represents a combination of diathesis-stress and vantage sensitivity with heightened sensitivity to both negative and positive experiences. Figure adapted from Pluess, 2015.⁷⁸ (B) The Vantage Sensitivity model which outlines the differential variation in benefit specifically from positive influences. Figure adapted from de Villiers et al. 2018.⁹⁸