Table 1. Characteristics of Patients at Date of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) (N = 3649) | |
|---|---|---|
| PWoH (n = 2408) | PWH (n = 1241) | |
| Hospitalization | 170 (7.1) | 79 (6.4) |
| Mechanical ventilation among those hospitalizeda | 16 (9.4) | 8 (10.1) |
| Deaths among breakthrough infectionsb | 21 (0.9) | 12 (1.0) |
| Age, yc | ||
| 18-24 | 9 (0.4) | 9 (1.7) |
| 25-34 | 137 (5.7) | 112 (9.0) |
| 35-44 | 279 (11.6) | 184 (14.8) |
| 45-54 | 492 (20.4) | 245 (19.7) |
| 55-64 | 797 (33.1) | 359 (28.9) |
| 65-74 | 539 (22.4) | 264 (21.3) |
| ≥75 | 155 (6.4) | 68 (5.5) |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 2108 (87.5) | 1136 (91.5) |
| Female | 300 (12.5) | 105 (8.5) |
| Ethnicity and race | ||
| Hispanic | 366 (15.2) | 183 (14.7) |
| Non-Hispanic Black or African American | 1151 (47.8) | 555 (44.7) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 744 (30.9) | 421 (33.9) |
| Otherd | 131 (5.4) | 71 (5.7) |
| Unknown | 16 (0.7) | 11 (0.9) |
| Month of breakthrough | ||
| January-June 2021 | 247 (10.3) | 134 (10.8) |
| July-October 2021 | 1132 (47.0) | 639 (51.5) |
| November-December 2021 | 1029 (42.7) | 468 (37.7) |
| Primary vaccination series type | ||
| Pfizer | 1194 (49.6) | 605 (48.8) |
| Pfizer plus third dose | 194 (8.1) | 165 (13.3) |
| Moderna | 676 (28.1) | 301 (24.3) |
| Moderna plus third dose | 95 (3.9) | 68 (5.5) |
| Johnson & Johnson | 234 (9.7) | 93 (7.5) |
| Johnson & Johnson plus second dose | 15 (0.6) | 9 (0.7) |
| COVID-19 before full vaccination | 292 (12.1) | 176 (14.2) |
| Comorbidities at full vaccinatione | ||
| Obese body mass index (≥30)f | 1218 (53.6) | 434 (36.1) |
| Diabetes | 817 (33.9) | 308 (24.8) |
| Hypertension | 1443 (59.9) | 633 (51.0) |
| End-stage kidney disease | 63 (2.6) | 38 (3.1) |
| Immune suppressive conditions at full vaccination | ||
| Organ or tissue transplantatione | 43 (1.8) | 18 (1.5) |
| Rheumatoid arthritise | 44 (1.8) | 14 (1.1) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosuse | 10 (0.4) | 3 (0.2) |
| Cancer diagnosisg | 187 (7.8) | 129 (10.4) |
| Pregnancyg | 4 (0.2) | 3 (0.2) |
| CD4 cell count at antiretroviral therapy initiation, median (IQR), cells/μL | NA | 393 (234-613) |
| Unknown | NA | 536 (43.2) |
| AIDS before full vaccinationh | NA | 325 (26.2) |
| CD4 cell count at full vaccination | ||
| Median (IQR), cells/μL | NA | 620 (438-846) |
| <200 | NA | 54 (4.4) |
| 200-349 | NA | 109 (8.8) |
| 350-499 | NA | 182 (14.6) |
| ≥500 | NA | 707 (57.0) |
| Unknown | NA | 189 (15.2) |
| Suppressed HIV RNA at full vaccination (<50 copies/mL) | NA | 1016 (90.6) |
| Unknown | NA | 120 (9.7) |
Abbreviations: PWH, people with HIV; PWoH, people without HIV.
Mechanical ventilation was measured during the dates of hospital admission and discharge.
Death was defined as dying while hospitalized for COVID-19 or within 30 days following discharge or within 30 days of COVID-19 diagnosis among those not hospitalized.
Age was categorized in 5-year increments for descriptive purposes.
Other race includes Asian, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, American Indian or Alaska Native, and 1 or more race.
Body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, end-stage kidney disease, organ or tissue transplantation, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus were measured as close to the date fully vaccinated as possible within the window of October 1, 2015, to the date fully vaccinated.
Body mass index is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
Cancer and pregnancy were measured as close to the date fully vaccinated as possible within the window of January 1, 2020, to the date fully vaccinated.
AIDS was defined using clinical diagnosis codes of AIDS-defining conditions.