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. 2022 Sep 30;13:987401. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.987401

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Copyright © 2022 Lu, Wan, Li and Sun

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Forest plot to visualize causal effects of variation in Hypothyroidism on HCC. Presented odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) correspond to the effects of Hypothyroidism on HCC. The results of Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses using various analysis methods (MR-Egger, Weighted median, Inverse variance weighted, Simple mode, and Weighted mode) are presented for comparison. Total single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) indicates the number of genetic variants used as instruments for MR analysis.