| UC | urothelial carcinoma |
| UTUC | upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma |
| BC | bladder cancer |
| DSS | disease-specific survival |
| CT | computed tomography |
| URS | ureterorenoscopy |
| RNU | radical nephroureterectomy |
| EAU | European Association of Urology |
| MIBC | muscle-invasive bladder cancer |
| OS | overall survival |
| CPI | checkpoint-Inhibitor |
| CR | complete remission |
| NAC | neoadjuvant chemotherapy |
| MVAC/MVEC | methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin/epirubicin and cisplatin |
| PICO | participants, interventions, comparators, outcomes |
| PR | partial remission |
| SD | stable disease |
| PD | progressive disease |
| PFS | progression-free survival |
| GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
| ECOG | Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group |
| LVI | lymphovascular invasion |
| OR | odds ratio |
| HR | hazard ratio |
| CI | confidence interval |
| IPTW | intuition for inverse probability of treatment weighting |