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The formation of immunosuppressive TME. Cancer cell-derived lactate lowers FIP200 expression and attenuates autophagy, which is pivotal for energy homeostasis of effector T cells, thus facilitating T cell exhaustion and formation of immunosuppressive TME. In Treg cells, decreased intracellular arginine suppresses mTOR, leading to autophagy activation that is responsible for Treg cell survival. As a consequence, the function of Treg cell is improved to form the immunosuppressive TME.
