Analysis of memory CD4+ T cells, Tph-like and Tfh cells in spleens of T1D-derived PI mice. (A) CD4+ T cells and absolute counts of CD4+ T cells, CD45RA + CCR7+ T cells and CD45RO + CD4+ T cells from of HC (n = 12) and T1D (n = 6) PI mice of 4 independent experiments. (B) Representative staining for Tfh and Tph-like cells gated on memory CD4+ T cells. (C) Frequency of PD-1+, Tph-like and Tfh cells among memory CD4+ T cells. (D) Representative staining for double positive PD-1+ and ICOS+ within memory CD4+ T cells. (E) Frequencies of ICOS+, ICOS+PD1+ Tph-like and ICOS+PD1+ Tfh cells within memory CD4+ T cells. (F) absolute numbers for Tph-like and Tfh cells. (G) Absolute numbers of ICOS+ Tph-like and ICOS+ Tfh cells. For (A), Friedman test was performed and corrected using Dunn's multiple comparisons test. For (B-C-D-E-F-G), nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. *P < .05 and **P < .005 (statistically significant).