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. 2022 Oct 6;11(19):3146. doi: 10.3390/cells11193146

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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5F effectively reshaped the transcriptional profile of RPE cells. (a) Principal component analysis (PCA) based on gene expression of all the HDF-derived samples, RPE-derived samples, and fetal retina (fRetina) samples. W, week. (b) Heatmap showing the expression of photoreceptor marker genes in all samples, including fRetina, at different developing stages. (c,d) Identification of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the reprogramming intermediates (RI) at D3 compared to RPE control (c) and corresponding gene ontology (GO) analysis (d). (e,f) Identification of the DEGs in the R-CiPCs at D10 compared to RPE control (e) and the corresponding GO analysis (f). (g) Gene-set-enrichment analysis (GSEA) plots evaluating the changes in the indicated gene signatures induced by the 5F treatment at D3. (h) GSEA plots, evaluating the changes in the indicated gene signatures induced by the 5F treatment at D10. NES, normalized enrichment score. FDR, false discovery rate.