Effects of temperature and cytokines on HLA-DR expression on lymphocytes in heparin (A) and EDTA (B) cultures. Whole-blood cultures were incubated at RT or 37°C (stippled and solid bars, respectively) with PBS (UN), IFN-γ, GM-CSF, IFN-γ plus GM-CSF, TNF-β, or IL-6 and then stained for HLA-DR as described in Materials and Methods. Results are representative of experiments using two donors. Values obtained for cultures stained immediately (time zero control) are shown for comparison by boldface dotted lines.