Table 2.
Student mental health by sex for continuous variables.
| Mental Health | Total | Females | Males | F | η p 2 | Mean Difference [95% CI] | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive aspects | |||||||
| Student engagement | 3.27 ± 1.13 | 3.23 ± 1.12 | 3.35 ± 1.16 | 7.45 | <0.01 | −0.12 [−020; −0.03] | 0.006 |
| Vigor | 2.89 ± 1.14 | 2.88 ± 1.12 | 2.91 ± 1.19 | 0.64 | <0.01 | −0.03 [−0.12; 0.05] | 0.423 |
| Dedication | 3.64 ± 1.32 | 3.61 ± 1.31 | 3.70 ± 1.36 | 3.59 | <0.01 | -0.09 [−0.19; 0] | 0.058 |
| Absorption | 3.29 ± 1.28 | 3.22 ± 1.27 | 3.43 ± 1.31 | 20.91 | 0.01 | −0.22 [−0.31; −0.13] | <0.001 |
| Negative aspects | |||||||
| Perceived stress | 19.17 ± 7.08 | 19.91 ± 6.86 | 17.72 ± 7.27 | 70.39 | 0.02 | 2.19 [1.68; 2.70] | <0.001 |
| Irritation | 23.59 ± 7.98 | 24.30 ± 7.81 | 22.16 ± 8.18 | 51.90 | 0.02 | 2.13 [1.55; 2.72] | <0.001 |
| Cognitive irritation | 13.33 ± 4.99 | 13.77 ± 4.85 | 12.44 ± 5.14 | 51.90 | 0.02 | 1.33 [0.97; 1.69] | <0.001 |
| Emotional irritation | 10.26 ± 4.64 | 10.53 ± 4.60 | 9.71 ± 4.68 | 21.75 | 0.01 | 0.81 [0.47; 1.14] | <0.001 |
Values represent mean ± standard deviation; mean difference (females vs. males) and p-values are based on MANOVA; CI = confidence interval.