TABLE 2.
Maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes
| Group I (n = 39) | Group II (n = 32) | Total (n = 71) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 34 ± 4.779 | 32.38 ± 5.512 | 33.27 ± 5.512 | 0.195 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.27 ± 5.074 | 25.49 ± 4.471 | 28.38 ± 4.775 | 0.847 |
| Ethnic group | 0.085 | |||
| Caucasian | 34 (87.2) | 30 (93.8) | 64 (90.1) | |
| Asian | 3 (7.7) | ‐ | 3 (4.2) | |
| Latin | – | 2 (9.3) | 2 (2.8) | |
| African | 2 (5.1) | – | 2 (2.8) | |
| Comorbidity | 8 (20.5) | 11 (34.4) | 19 (26.8) | 0.189 |
| Diabetes | 2 (5.2) | 1 (3.1) | 3 (4.2) | |
| Hypothyroidism | 1 (2.6) | 3 (9.4) | 4 (5.6) | |
| Hypertension | 1 (2.6) | – | 1 (1.4) | |
| Obesity | 1 (2.6) | 2 (6.2) | 3 (4.2) | |
| Cancer | 1 (2.6) | 1 (3.1) | 2 (2.8) | |
| Others | 2 (5.2) | 4 (12.4) | 6 (8.4) | |
| Smoker | 5 (12.8) | 2 (6.3) | 7 (9.9) | 0.355 |
| Parity | 0.747 | |||
| Nulliparous | 18 (46.2) | 16 (50) | 34 (47.9) | |
| Multiparous | 21 (53.8) | 16 (50) | 37 (52.1) | |
| Method of conception | 0.184 | |||
| Spontaneous | 33 (84.6) | 30 (93.8) | 63 (88.7) | |
| AI | – | 1 (3.1%) | 1 (1.4) | |
| IVF | 4 (10.3) | – | 4 (5.6) | |
| IVF with oocyte donor | 2 (5.1) | 1 (3.1) | 3 (4.2) | |
| GA at delivery | 38.73 (±1.340) | 39.01 (±1.399) | 38.88 (±1.363) | 0.440 |
| Type of delivery | 0.092 | |||
| Vaginal delivery | 23 (58.9) | 25 (78.1) | 48 (67.6) | |
| Instrumental delivery | 1 (2.6) | 2 (6.3) | 3 (4.2) | |
| Cesarean delivery | 15 (38.5) | 5 (15.6) | 20 (28.2) | |
| Sex | 0.914 | |||
| Male | 20 (51.3) | 16 (50) | 36 (50.7) | |
| Female | 19 (48.7) | 16 (50) | 35 (49.3) | |
| Birthweight (g) | 3039 ± 457 | 3190 ± 478 | 3107 ± 469 | 0.178 |
| Birthweight‐centile | 38 ± 29.822 | 47.84 ± 32.057 | 42.44 ± 31.02 | 0.185 |
| Birthweight < 10 centile | 8 (22.2) | 7 (21.9) | 15 (22.1) | 0.973 |
| Birth HC (cm) | 33.50 ± 1.390 | 33.78 ± 1.375 | 33.63 ± 1.381 | 0.405 |
| Birth HC centile | 35.05 ± 26.189 | 39.93 ± 21.789 | 37.21 ± 24.295 | 0.415 |
| Birth HC <10th centile | 9 (23.7) | 6 (20) | 15 (22.1) | 0.716 |
| pH UA | 7.26 ± 0.061 | 7.26 ± 0.054 | 7.27 ± 0.058 | 0.857 |
| 5‐minute Apgar score | 8.79 ± 1.031 | 9.25 ± 0.718 | 9 ± 0.926 | 0.032 |
| Respiratory support | 12 (32.4) | 11 (32.4) | 23 (32.4) | 0.994 |
| AFR | 4 (10.8) | 1 (2.9) | 5 (7) | 0.195 |
Note: Values are n (%) or mean ± standard deviation.Abbreviations: AFR, advanced fetal resuscitation; AI, artificial insemination; BMI, body mass index; GA, gestational age; Group I, expected low placenta blood content; Group II, expected intermediate and high placenta blood content; HC, head circumference; IVF, in vitro fertilization; UA, umbilical artery.