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. 2022 Sep 29;12(19):3423. doi: 10.3390/nano12193423

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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mRNA loading and release from gelatin nanoparticles. (A) Loading efficiency for differently charged gelatin nanoparticles, calculated based on the mRNA remaining in the supernatant (n = 6), (B) competitive mRNA decomplexation from gelatin nanoparticles with heparin (n = 3) and (C) cumulative spontaneous mRNA release in aqueous suspension (n = 3). Release data for negatively charged nanoparticles was not included, due to mRNA amounts below the detection limit. Statistical significance is shown as *** p < 0.001 and **** p < 0.0001.