Table A1.
Perception of ergogenic effect of nutritional supplements and if professionals advise these nutritional supplements for the total groups of sports health professionals and stratified for sports RDs and other professionals.
| Do You Think This Supplement Has an Ergogenic Effect? | Do You Advise This Supplement to Your Athletes? | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 305) | Sports Dietitian (n = 58) | Other (n = 247) | p-Value | Total (n = 305) | Sports Dietitian (n = 58) | Other (n = 247) | p-Value | |
| Dietary supplements (i.e., vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids) | ||||||||
| Multi vitamin | 31 (94) | 33 (19) | 30 (75) | 0.363 | 57 (174) | 91 (53) | 49 (121) | <0.001 |
| Fish oil | 29 (87) | 33 (19) | 28 (68) | 0.207 | 45 (136) | 79 (45) | 37 (91) | <0.001 |
| Magnesium | 27 (81) | 7 (4) | 31 (77) | <0.001 | 37 (113) | 31 (18) | 38 (95) | 0.147 |
| Vitamin D | 22 (66) | 36 (21) | 18 (45) | 0.001 | 33 (99) | 71 (41) | 23 (58) | <0.001 |
| Iron | 19 (59) | 16 (9) | 20 (50) | 0.207 | 30 (90) | 50 (29) | 25 (61) | <0.001 |
| Combination vitamin | 19 (59) | 22 (13) | 19 (46) | 0.256 | 28 (86) | 36 (21) | 23 (65) | 0.066 |
| Combination mineral | 20 (60) | 14 (8) | 21 (52) | 0.106 | 26 (80) | 31 (18) | 25 (62) | 0.178 |
| Vitamin C | 16 (48) | 14 (8) | 16 (40) | 0.326 | 25 (76) | 36 (21) | 22 (55) | 0.014 |
| Vitamin B-complex | 16 (48) | 16 (9) | 16 (39) | 0.480 | 24 (72) | 40 (23) | 20 (49) | <0.001 |
| Anti-oxidants | 13 (40) | 12 (7) | 13 (33) | 0.397 | 18 (55) | 24 (14) | 17 (41) | 0.090 |
| Vitamin B12 | 14 (43) | 8 (5) | 15 (38) | 0.092 | 18 (55) | 28 (16) | 16 (39) | 0.018 |
| Zinc | 12 (35) | 7 (4) | 13 (31) | 0.113 | 16 (48) | 17 (10) | 15 (38) | 0.364 |
| Calcium | 9 (26) | 3 (2) | 10 (24) | 0.062 | 15 (47) | 21 (12) | 14 (35) | 0.109 |
| Folic acid | 9 (26) | 3 (2) | 10 (24) | 0.062 | 12 (37) | 16 (9) | 11 (28) | 0.191 |
| Selenium | 8 (24) | 2 (1) | 9 (23) | 0.027 | 9 (28) | 2 (1) | 11 (27) | 0.014 |
| Vitamin B6 | 6 (18) | 3 (2) | 6 (16) | 0.190 | 7 (21) | 3 (2) | 8 (19) | 0.126 |
| Chrome | 6 (18) | 2 (1) | 7 (17) | 0.067 | 7 (20) | 3 (2) | 7 (18) | 0.145 |
| Vitamin A | 5 (15) | 2 (1) | 6 (14) | 0.106 | 5 (15) | 5 (3) | 5 (12) | 0.461 |
| B-carotene | 5 (15) | 0 (0) | 6 (15) | 0.027 | 5 (14) | 2 (1) | 5 (13) | 0.124 |
| Vitamin B1 | 6 (19) | 5 (3) | 6 (16) | 0.356 | 5 (16) | 3 (2) | 6 (14) | 0.248 |
| Vitamin B2 | 6 (17) | 3 (2) | 6 (15) | 0.217 | 5 (14) | 3 (2) | 5 (12) | 0.323 |
| Vitamin E | 4 (12) | 0 (0) | 5 (12) | 0.044 | 5 (14) | 3 (2) | 5 (12) | 0.323 |
| Other oils | 4 (13) | 2 (1) | 5 (12) | 0.146 | 6 (17) | 4 (2) | 6 (15) | 0.219 |
| Sports foods (i.e., sports drinks, protein shakes, energy bars and isolated carbohydrate or protein supplements) | ||||||||
| Recovery drink | 61 (185) | 86 (49) | 56 (136) | <0.001 | 65 (195) | 91 (52) | 59 (143) | <0.001 |
| Beverage with carbs and electrolytes | 46 (139) | 84 (48) | 38 (91) | <0.001 | 53 (159) | 95 (54) | 43 (105) | <0.001 |
| Energy bar | 41 (124) | 67 (38) | 36 (86) | <0.001 | 48 (144) | 79 (45) | 41 (99) | <0.001 |
| Protein drink | 44 (130) | 46 (26) | 43 (104) | 0.341 | 44 (101) | 54 (31) | 41 (101) | 0.038 |
| Beverage with carbs, electrolytes and protein | 36 (108) | 67 (38) | 29 (70) | <0.001 | 37 (112) | 74 (42) | 29 (70) | <0.001 |
| Energy gel | 35 (104) | 72 (41) | 26 (63) | <0.001 | 35 (105) | 74 (42) | 26 (63) | <0.001 |
| Lemonade syrup | 27 (82) | 56 (32) | 21 (50) | <0.001 | 31 (93) | 61 (35) | 24 (58) | <0.001 |
| Protein bar | 29 (86) | 32 (18) | 28 (68) | 0.289 | 30 (89) | 39 (22) | 28 (67) | 0.049 |
| Grape sugar | 26 (79) | 30 (17) | 26 (62) | 0.259 | 30 (90) | 33 (19) | 29 (71) | 0.278 |
| Energy drink | 28 (83) | 49 (28) | 23 (55) | <0.001 | 27 (82) | 53 (30) | 22 (52) | <0.001 |
| Maltodextrin * N = 84 |
55 (46) | 78 (21) | 44 (25) | 0.002 | 14 (41) | 35 (20) | 9 (21) | <0.001 |
| Ribose | 5 (14) | 0 (0) | 6 (14) | 0.032 | 4 (13) | 4 (2) | 5 (11) | 0.365 |
| Ergogenic supplements (i.e., supplements other than above, claiming to aid in performance, recovery or health) | ||||||||
| Creatine | 39 (115) | 67 (38) | 32 (77) | <0.001 | 32 (95) | 63 (36) | 25 (59) | <0.001 |
| Caffeine | 36 (107) | 56 (32) | 32 (75) | <0.001 | 30 (88) | 53 (30) | 24 (58) | <0.001 |
| Amino acids | 31 (91) | 32 (18) | 30 (73) | 0.403 | 30 (99) | 30 (17) | 30 (72) | 0.481 |
| Probiotics | 13 (37) | 40 (23) | 5 (13) | <0.001 | 26 (75) | 77 (44) | 13 (31) | <0.001 |
| Beetroot/dietary nitrate | 29 (85) | 54 (31) | 23 (54) | <0.001 | 25 (74) | 49 (28) | 19 (46) | <0.001 |
| Glucosamine-chondrotoïne | 10 (28) | 9 (5) | 10 (23) | 0.415 | 15 (44) | 16 (9) | 15 (35) | 0.423 |
| B-alanine | 18 (54) | 44 (25) | 12 (29) | <0.001 | 13 (38) | 32 (18) | 8 (20) | <0.001 |
| MCT | 11 (32) | 4 (2) | 13 (31) | 0.023 | 13 (39) | 7 (4) | 14 (35) | 0.069 |
| L-carnitine | 12 (36) | 14 (8) | 12 (28) | 0.324 | 11 (32) | 7 (4) | 12 (28) | 0.149 |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 15 (44) | 32 (18) | 11 (26) | <0.001 | 10 (30) | 14 (8) | 9 (22) | 0.144 |
| CLA | 4 (13) | 4 (2) | 5 (11) | 0.370 | 6 (19) | 9 (5) | 6 (14) | 0.199 |
| Herbs | 4 (11) | 0 (0) | 5 (11) | 0.049 | 5 (16) | 2 (1) | 6 (15) | 0.086 |
| Other | 5 (14) | 4 (2) | 5 (12) | 0.311 | 3 (10) | 4 (2) | 3 (8) | 0.480 |
Significant differences are expressed in bold font.