Table 7.
Univariate and multivariate regression analyses demonstrating associations between independent variables and HL score and behavior score regarding COVID-19 prevention.
| Characteristic | HLa score univariate analysis | HL score multivariate analysis | Behavior score univariate analysis | Behavior score multivariate analysis | |||||||||||||
|
|
Crude coefficient (95% CI) |
P value |
Adjusted coefficientb (95% CI) |
P value |
Crude coefficient (95% CI) |
P value |
Adjusted coefficientb (95% CI) |
P value |
|||||||||
| Region (lower south vs upper south) | 6.44 (5.26-7.62) | <.001 | 7.03 (5.36-8.7) | <.001 | 1.36 (0.79-1.92) | <.001 | 0.81 (0.17-1.45) | .01 | |||||||||
| Sex (female vs male) | 0.99 (–0.51 to 2.49) | .20 | N/Ac | N/A | –0.42 (–1.07 to 0.23) | .20 | –0.76 (–1.38 to –0.13) | .02 | |||||||||
| Age (years) | 0.18 (0.11-0.24) | <.001 | N/A | N/A | 0.03 (0.01-0.06) | .01 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Religion (reference=Buddhism) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Islam | 0.95 (–1.02 to 2.91) | .34 | N/A | N/A | 0.35 (–0.5 to 1.21) | .40 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Christian | 5.75 (–1.98 to 13.47) | .14 | N/A | N/A | –0.31 (–3.67 to 3.05) | .86 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Education (bachelor or above vs high school or below) | –2.00 (–3.48 to –0.53) | .01 | N/A | N/A | 0.15 (–0.5 to 0.79) | .66 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Food delivery company (reference=company A) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
B | 1.64 (0.18-3.1) | .03 | N/A | N/A | 1.03 (0.4-1.66) | .001 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
C | –0.87 (–2.86 to 1.13) | .39 | N/A | N/A | –0.01 (–0.87 to 0.85) | .99 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
D | –1.42 (–7.43 to 4.58) | .64 | N/A | N/A | –0.92 (–3.51 to 1.67) | .49 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Working duration as driver (months) | 0.11 (0.03-0.19) | .01 | N/A | N/A | 0.05 (0.01-0.08) | .01 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Working hour per day | 0.46 (0.2-0.71) | <.001 | N/A | N/A | 0.22 (0.11-0.33) | <.001 | 0.17 (0.06-0.28) | .002 | |||||||||
| Number of daily food order deliveries | –0.11 (–0.21 to –0.02) | .02 | N/A | N/A | –0.02 (–0.07 to 0.02) | .24 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Daily income (THBd) | 0 (–0.01 to 0) | .16 | N/A | N/A | 0 (0-0) | .99 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Pre-existing chronic illnesses (yes vs no) | –0.35 (–3.34 to 2.65) | .82 | N/A | N/A | –0.78 (–2.08 to 0.52) | .24 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Cigarette smoker (reference=never smoke) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Former smoker | –1.33 (–3.26 to 0.61) | .18 | N/A | N/A | –0.23 (–1.08 to 0.61) | .59 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Current smoker | 1.77 (0.17-3.37) | .03 | N/A | N/A | 0.40 (–0.29 to 1.1) | .26 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Alcohol consumption (current drinker vs never drink) | 0.39 (–1.05 to 1.82) | .60 | N/A | N/A | 0.15 (–0.47 to 0.78) | .63 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Health insurance status (reference=universal coverage) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Civil servant | –6.2 (–12.75 to 0.35) | .06 | –1.45 (–6.63 to 3.73) | .58 | –0.54 (–3.47 to 2.38) | .71 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Social security | –0.04 (–1.53 to 1.45) | .96 | 0.49 (–0.69 to 1.67) | .41 | –0.12 (–0.79 to 0.54) | .71 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Self-pay | –4.96 (–7.11 to –2.8) | <.001 | –2.25 (–3.98 to –0.53) | .01 | –0.58 (–1.54 to 0.38) | .23 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Website (reference=never) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Frequent | 0.03 (–2.3 to 2.36) | .98 | N/A | N/A | –0.46 (–1.47 to 0.54) | .37 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Sometimes | 0.05 (–1.42 to 1.52) | .95 | N/A | N/A | 0.46 (–0.17 to 1.09) | .15 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Line (reference=never) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Frequent | 1.31 (–1.68 to 4.29) | .39 | N/A | N/A | –0.01 (–1.31 to 1.29) | .99 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Sometimes | 2.69 (–0.3 to 5.69) | .08 | N/A | N/A | 0.43 (–0.88 to 1.73) | .52 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Facebook (reference=never) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Frequent | 0.17 (–3.25 to 3.58) | .92 | N/A | N/A | 1.92 (0.44-3.39) | .01 | 1.66 (0.24-3.08) | .02 | ||||||||
|
|
Sometimes | –1.35 (–4.98 to 2.29) | .47 | N/A | N/A | 1.50 (–0.06 to 3.07) | .06 | 1.35 (–0.15 to 2.86) | .08 | ||||||||
| YouTube (reference=never) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Frequent | –3.09 (–4.99 to –1.2) | .001 | –2.17 (–3.88 to –0.47) | .01 | 0.38 (–0.45 to 1.21) | .37 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Sometimes | –0.53 (–2.19 to 1.12) | .53 | –4.08 (–5.72 to –2.45) | <.001 | 0.63 (–0.1 to 1.35) | .09 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Television (reference=never) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Frequent | 5.58 (4.08-7.08) | <.001 | 2.81 (0.95-4.66) | .003 | 1.29 (0.61-1.97) | <.001 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Sometimes | 1.18 (–0.4 to 2.75) | .14 | 1.54 (–0.11 to 3.19) | .07 | 0.40 (–0.32 to 1.13) | .27 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Relatives (reference=never) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Frequent | 3.03 (1.42 to 4.64) | <.001 | –4.19 (–6.25 to –2.13) | <.001 | 0.86 (0.12-1.6) | .02 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Sometimes | –2.54 (–4.14 to –0.93) | .002 | –5.36 (–7.1 to –3.63) | <.001 | –0.07 (–0.8 to 0.67) | .86 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Colleagues (reference=never) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Frequent | 2.72 (1.02-4.42) | .002 | N/A | N/A | 1.22 (0.47-1.97) | .002 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
|
|
Sometimes | –1.43 (–3.14 to 0.29) | .10 | N/A | N/A | 0.15 (–0.61 to 0.91) | .69 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
| Perceived sufficient knowledge of COVID-19 (yes vs no) | 5.35 (2.25-8.44) | <.001 | 4.61 (2.1-7.12) | <.001 | 0.72 (–0.63 to 2.08) | .30 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Obtaining information from the company (yes vs no) | 3.33 (–2.67 to 9.33) | .28 | N/A | N/A | 0.90 (–1.7 to 3.51) | .50 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Accessibility to information (access vs no access) | 5.83 (1.1-10.57) | .02 | 2.89 (–0.81 to 6.59) | .13 | 1.21 (–0.85 to 3.28) | .25 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Frequency of seeking information (weekly vs less than weekly) | –6.59 (–8.22 to –4.97) | <.001 | –3.04 (–4.56 to –1.52) | <.001 | –1.13 (–1.88 to –0.38) | .003 | N/A | N/A | |||||||||
| Information verification (yes vs no) | 1.82 (–1.49 to 5.12) | .28 | N/A | N/A | 2.01 (0.59-3.43) | .01 | 1.42 (0.05-2.79) | .04 | |||||||||
| HL score | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.10 (0.05-0.14) | <.001 | 0.06 (0.01-0.1) | .02 | |||||||||
aHL: health literacy.
bAdjusted by the backward stepwise method.
cN/A: not applicable.
dTHB: Thai baht.