Table 3.

Classification accuracy of original test images for different simulation models.

Model’s name/dataset	Kaggle Cats and Dogs	CIFAR-10	MNIST
AlexNet	88.52	78.50	99.12
Trans-ONN-vert	82.12	70.21	99.35
Trans-ONN-vert-GAP	83.16	69.69	98.78
Trans-ONN-horiz	83.44	72.11	99.31
Trans-ONN-horiz-GAP	85.14	69.79	98.63
Trans-ONN-cascaded	80.34	67.43	98.77
Trans-ONN-cascaded-GAP	77.2	63.53	98.92