Table 1.
Helmet settings in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory, with and without pressure support
| Ventilatory setting | Helmet NIV | Helmet CPAP |
|---|---|---|
| Ventilatory circuit | Ventilator with bitube circuit and antimicrobial filter on expiratory port | High flow generator with PEEP valve and antimicrobial filter on expiratory port |
| PEEP | 10–15 cmH2O | 10–15 cmH2O |
| Pressure support | 10–14 cmH2O | – |
| Fresh gas flow | – | 50–60 L/min |
| FiO2 | Titrated to obtain SpO2 ≥ 92% and ≤ 98% | Titrated to obtain SpO2 ≥ 92% and ≤ 98% |
| Pressurization rate | 0.00 s (or fastest possible pressurization rate) | – |
| Inspiratory flow trigger | 2 L/min or 2 cmH2O | – |
| Cycling | 10–50% of maximum inspiratory flow | – |
| Maximum inspiratory time | 1.2 s | – |
| Gas conditioning | No humidification needed if minute ventilation < 35 L/min | Active heating and humidification (37 °C or 34 °C according to patient’s comfort) |