Table 3.
Univariate analysis of unmatched demographics and clinical variables comparing patients who received tourniquet to those patients who received no tourniquet.
| Variables | No tourniquet |
Tourniquet |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 4464 | N = 10752 | ||
| VTE anticoagulation | <.001 | ||
| Other | 769 (17.2%) | 5406 (50.3%) | |
| Aspirin | 3695 (82.8%) | 5346 (49.7%) | |
| Sex | .005 | ||
| Female | 2527 (56.6%) | 6352 (59.1%) | |
| Male | 1937 (43.4%) | 4400 (40.9%) | |
| Age | 65.6 (8.70) | 65.3 (9.70) | .192 |
| Smoker | <.001 | ||
| No | 3145 (70.5%) | 6014 (55.9%) | |
| Yes | 1319 (29.5%) | 4738 (44.1%) | |
| Alcohol | .004 | ||
| No | 2272 (50.9%) | 5195 (48.3%) | |
| Yes | 2192 (49.1%) | 5557 (51.7%) | |
| BMI | 30.8 (4.98) | 31.3 (5.64) | <.001 |
| CHF | <.001 | ||
| No | 3871 (98.8%) | 10458 (97.4%) | |
| Yes | 49 (1.25%) | 282 (2.63%) | |
| CPD | <.001 | ||
| No | 3541 (90.3%) | 9275 (86.4%) | |
| Yes | 379 (9.67%) | 1465 (13.6%) | |
| CVD | <.001 | ||
| No | 3886 (99.1%) | 10561 (98.3%) | |
| Yes | 34 (0.87%) | 179 (1.67%) | |
| Dementia | .996 | ||
| No | 3912 (99.8%) | 10720 (99.8%) | |
| Yes | 8 (0.20%) | 20 (0.19%) | |
| DM combined | <.001 | ||
| No | 3592 (91.6%) | 10119 (94.2%) | |
| Yes | 328 (8.37%) | 621 (5.78%) | |
| HemiPara | .352 | ||
| No | 3920 (100%) | 10734 (99.9%) | |
| Yes | 0 (0.00%) | 6 (0.06%) | |
| Cancer | .205 | ||
| No | 3885 (99.1%) | 10606 (98.8%) | |
| Malignancy | 29 (0.74%) | 111 (1.03%) | |
| Metastatic | 6 (0.15%) | 23 (0.21%) | |
| MI | <.001 | ||
| No | 3830 (97.7%) | 10240 (95.3%) | |
| Yes | 90 (2.30%) | 500 (4.66%) | |
| MildLiver | .003 | ||
| No | 3867 (98.6%) | 10655 (99.2%) | |
| Yes | 53 (1.35%) | 85 (0.79%) | |
| ModSevereLiver | .201 | ||
| No | 3920 (100%) | 10733 (99.9%) | |
| Yes | 0 (0.00%) | 7 (0.07%) | |
| Peptic ulcer | .921 | ||
| No | 3904 (99.6%) | 10693 (99.6%) | |
| Yes | 16 (0.41%) | 47 (0.44%) | |
| PVD | .422 | ||
| No | 3856 (98.4%) | 10586 (98.6%) | |
| Yes | 64 (1.63%) | 154 (1.43%) | |
| Renal | <.001 | ||
| No | 3846 (98.1%) | 10370 (96.6%) | |
| Yes | 74 (1.89%) | 370 (3.45%) | |
| Rheumatic | .124 | ||
| No | 3784 (96.5%) | 10306 (96.0%) | |
| Yes | 136 (3.47%) | 434 (4.04%) | |
| CCI | 0.38 (0.78) | 0.52 (0.98) | <.001 |
| Number of joints | <.001 | ||
| Unilateral | 4427 (99.2%) | 9573 (89.0%) | |
| Bilateral | 37 (0.83%) | 1179 (11.0%) | |
| Type of surgery | <.001 | ||
| Primary | 4318 (96.7%) | 9117 (84.8%) | |
| Revision | 146 (3.27%) | 1635 (15.2%) | |
| OP time | 83.1 (35.5) | 82.3 (31.6) | .100 |
| TXA | <.001 | ||
| No | 1501 (33.9%) | 6731 (64.5%) | |
| Yes | 2932 (66.1%) | 3704 (35.5%) | |
| Cement | <.001 | ||
| No | 1589 (35.6%) | 1095 (10.2%) | |
| Yes | 2875 (64.4%) | 9657 (89.8%) | |
| Blood transfusion | <.001 | ||
| No | 4320 (96.8%) | 10256 (95.4%) | |
| Yes | 144 (3.23%) | 496 (4.61%) | |
| Any VTE | .115 | ||
| No | 4421 (99.0%) | 10614 (98.7%) | |
| Yes | 43 (0.96%) | 138 (1.28%) | |
| Any DVT | .781 | ||
| No | 4438 (99.4%) | 10695 (99.5%) | |
| Yes | 26 (0.58%) | 57 (0.53%) | |
| Any PE | .058 | ||
| No | 4441 (99.5%) | 10664 (99.2%) | |
| Yes | 23 (0.52%) | 88 (0.82%) |
BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; CHF, congestive heart failure; CPD, chronic pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; MI, myocardial infarction; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; OP, operative; HemiPara, hemiparesis; MildLiver, mild liver disease; ModSevereLiver, moderate-severe liver disease..