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. 2022 Oct 15;12:17313. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20176-w

Table 2.

Multivariable logistic regression analysis for factors associated with COVID-19-related death.

Characteristic Level Number of deaths, n (%) Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) P value
Age 40–49 10 (0.8) reference
0–39 5 (0.4) 0.60 (0.20,1.77) 0.36
50–59 60 (4.9) 3.62 (1.83,7.17)  < 0.001
60–69 176 (14.4) 8.98 (4.68,17.24)  < 0.001
70–79 370 (30.2) 14.53 (7.62,27.69)  < 0.001
 ≥ 80 604 (49.3) 23.77 (12.48,45.27)  < 0.001
Sex Male 711 (58.0) 1.41 (1.22,1.62)  < 0.001
Congestive heart failure Yes 130 (10.6) 1.69 (1.32,2.15)  < 0.001
Cardiac arrhythmias Yes 195 (16.0) 0.92 (0.76,1.11) 0.38
COPD Yes 267 (21.8) 1.43 (1.18,1.72)  < 0.001
Diabetes Yes 218 (17.8) 1.13 (0.95,1.36) 0.17
Hypertension Yes 298 (24.3) 0.94 (0.80,1.10) 0.43
Hypothyroidism Yes 37 (3.0) 0.91 (0.62,1.34) 0.65
Renal disease Yes 240 (19.6) 1.81 (1.51,2.19)  < 0.001
Liver disease Yes 27 (2.2) 2.50 (1.53,4.07)  < 0.001
Lymphoma Yes 27 (2.2) 2.78 (1.64,4.74)  < 0.001
Metastatic cancer Yes 33 (2.7) 2.17 (1.25,3.77) 0.006
Solid tumour without metastasis Yes 70 (5.7) 1.67 (1.16,2.41) 0.006
Rheumatoid arthritis/ collagen vascular diseases Yes 22 (1.8) 1.08 (0.66,1.79) 0.78
Obesity Yes 21 (1.7) 5.28 (2.92,9.52)  < 0.001
Asthma Yes 52 (4.2) 0.60 (0.42,0.86) 0.005
Depression Yes 20 (1.6) 0.62 (0.37,1.00) 0.05
Dementia Yes 187 (15.3) 1.44 (1.17,1.76)  < 0.001
Neurological disorders Yes 72 (5.9) 1.20 (0.90,1.61) 0.21

Statistically significant P < 0.05 values are in bold.

Observations, n = 6036, including 1225 COVID-19 deaths.

CI Confidence Interval; COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.