Table 4.
Linear and Poisson regression coefficients (β, 95% CI, p value) for the effects of prenatal exercise on overweight or obesity on cesarean birth and birth weight.
| Characteristics | Model (BMI + covariate[s]) | Adjusted (Model 1 + Exercise) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β or RR** | 95% CI | p value | β or RR** | 95% CI | p value | |
| Cesarean birth** | ||||||
| Overweight or Obese | 1.63 | 0.92, 2.89 | 0.09 | 1.43 | 0.76, 2.72 | 0.27 |
| Birth weight (kg)€ | ||||||
| Overweight or obese | 0.13 | 0.01, 0.25 | 0.04 | 0.16 | 0.02, 0.29 | 0.02 |
| Cesarean birth** | 0.01 | 0.07 | ||||
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg m−2) | − 0.13 | − 0.23, − 0.04 | 0.004 | − 0.12 | − 0.22, − 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Aerobic capacity (VO2peak) | − 0.11 | − 0.21, − 0.01 | 0.03 | − 0.12 | − 0.24, − 0.01 | 0.03 |
| Exercise level (METmin week−1) | 0.0005 | − 0.0001, 0.002 | 0.51 | |||
| Birth weight (kg)€ | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | ||||
| Maternal race (black) | − 0.54 | − 0.77, − 0.31 | < 0.0001 | − 0.51 | − 0.75, − 0.27 | < 0.0001 |
| Gestational weight gain (lbs) | 0.01 | 0.004, 0.02 | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.004, 0.02 | 0.002 |
| Maternal age (years) | − 0.02 | − 0.04, 0.0003 | 0.05 | − 0.02 | − 0.04, 0.001 | 0.07 |
| Aerobic capacity (VO2peak) | − 0.02 | − 0.03, − 0.002 | 0.08 | − 0.02 | − 0.04, − 0.002 | 0.03 |
| Exercise level (METmin week−1) | 0.0003 | 0.003, 0.0006 | 0.03 | |||
*Model-specific covariates included (1) cesarean birth: maternal race, MET∙min∙week−1; (2) birth weight: gestational age, maternal race, MET∙min∙week−1. **Poisson regression was performed, and the respective relative risks and 95% CIs were reported. €Linear regression was performed and the respective βs and 95% Cis were reported. Normal weight served as referent group.
Significant values are in [bold].