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. 2022 Oct 1;23(19):11636. doi: 10.3390/ijms231911636

Figure 2.

Figure 2

The inhibitory effect of evogliptin on LPS-induced cytokine levels in hepatocytes. Primary hepatocytes were pretreated with LPS for 2 h and then treated with evogliptin for 24 h. (A) Representative real-time RT-PCR analysis of the expression levels of iNOS, IL1α, IL1β, IL6, and TNFα. Data are the mean ± SEM. ** p < 0.01 relative to the control, ## p < 0.01 relative to the LPS. (B) The production of iNOS and the secretion of IL1β and TNFα were measured using ELISA. Data are the mean ± SEM. ** p < 0.01 relative to the control, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 relative to LPS. (C) TGF-β mRNA was measured by real-time RT-PCR, and TGF-β secretion was measured by ELISA. Data are the mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 relative to the control, ## p < 0.01 relative to LPS.