Table 2.

Impact of EAA supplementation in aging bone.

Participants Number in Each Group	Participant Background	Age	EAAs Supplement	EAA Treatment Time	Changes after EAA Supplementation	Publication Year	Reference
184–196	6 European countries: Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Sweden, and the UK	Older than 65 years	6 g of leucine with 40 g of whey protein daily	13 weeks	BMD increasing in a small but significant range	2019	[51]
28	Taipei	Older than 65	1.2 g leucine enriched whey protein supplement	12 weeks	Significant improvement in walking speed in age 65–74 group	2021	[52]
13	Japanese	65–80 years	1.6 g leucine twice daily	20 weeks	No effect on BMD and bone area	2021	[53]
22–31	Northwest England	60–90 years, mean age 68.73 ± 5.80 years	1.50 g/kg BW/day whey protein, plus 0.03 g/kg BW leucine	16 weeks	No effect on bone mass	2021	[54]